| Protecting civil rights is a core requirement of development of law, with the strategy of running the country according to law included in the Constitution which indicates China is entering a new era of civil rights. Human Rights into the Constitution is the first time of pursuing constitutionalism, which symbolize China have taken a new step on Human Rights. Equality has always been lofty goals of human society, so equal rights are a basic right of civil confirmed by Constitution. Building an undoubtedly, the accomplishment of farmer's equal rights is inevitable issue, in the process of socialist country under the rule of law. Inequality of farmers includes the imparity of possession of politics, Economic and social security source in fact, and discrimination in the law. The development of peasants'equality is objectively confined by the economical policy of"reducing agriculture for industry"and household register system in the long time. The lack the concept of equality and equal rights by law subjectively provide a realistic space for inequality, thereby hindering the solve of the peasants'problems. This requires in the height of constitutionalism, the insurance and protection of farmers'equality in democratic politics, Economic and cultural and social security from Constitution and the related legal system. The training and the development of the concept of equality make farmer have conditions and ability to achieve substantial equality, consequently structures the constitutional system to equal protection. this paper attempts to start with the connotation and the course of history of equal right, lists the problems of the farmers'status and equal rights under the China's social reality system; analysises and elaborates deep-seated reasons of the peasants'equal right, advocates and structures the protection system of farmer's right of equality, which from the human rights, constitution and relevant legal system is established and perfected in the last. so that treat the farmers as citizens and seek the true legal equality. |