Study On Expanding Crown From Eleven To Thirteen Century In England

The Crown of England was powerful in Middle Ages, but it astricted by Bill of Rights, and now it becomes phantom position. It already has changed absolutely. However, the crown is captivating in England history and the Commom Law was formed in 11-13 century, which is the period of powerful crown. Through expounding process of expanding crown in land, political and judicial aspect to show the relationship of expanding crown and common formation, and to show how the expanding crown promote common formation. The main content reads as follows:As a landmark event, Norman Conquest opened a new scene of England's history, William I inherited the throne justifiably, but his dominant position is not stable at first, so he adopted a series of measures to expand the crown. One of them is "Domesday Book", which bring all the countrywide land into the King's jurisdiction. Meanwhile, William I fixed land policies of Normandy and into local policy. Through this way, land tenure system was established and all the land incorporated into the unity of the country's land. The economic base determines the superstructure. Controlling the land, and then controlling the politics. As the main content of the common law, land system breeded in it.With the establishment of land tenure, the lord-vassal system was established in line with it. The Kingdom of England made some s which changing the original "a vassal of king's vassal is not the king's" into "a vassal of king's vassal is still the king's" to extend the kingship. The other innovation was official system reform and the king established a unified central and local political system gradually to convey government order effectively and establish unified legal system. The unity and the universal applicability of common law come of it.The most crucial reform is judicial aspect. Maybe that was not the main purpose of king's reform and maybe the consequence has not been expected at that time. However, the reform eventually formed the central and local-two parallel judicial systems. In this process, the king reformed central and local judicial systems, and enabled local jurisdictions restrict each other, to expand central jurisdiction. Then, common law quietly born.Land, politics, justice linked with the common law tightly. On the one hand, once having the right on land, the king could have matched political right. Then the government decrees were able to decree on a national scale and law could be implement superincumbently. The common law in this context can be formed. On the other hand, the policy of the common law were developed and grew in the land, political, judicial reform process. Therefore, the reform of land, political, judicial is the formation reason of common law in 11-13 century. Although this is not the only reason, and at the same time this process brought not only one consequence of formation, the relationship between them can not be ignored.