The Way Of Thinking In Construction Of Rural Social Security System In China

I. The importance of establishing the rural social security system In china, the importance of establishing the rural social security system asfollowing: First, it can promote the development of human rights and nomocracymodernization. Secondly, it can speed up the civilization and industrializationand make agriculture develop healthily. Thirdly, it can expand the domesticdemand and stimulate economy. Fourthly, as the safety valve and bumperabsorberof society, it helps to eliminate the polarization of the poor and the rich,realize equal distribution and maintain social stability. At last, it can be in favorof giving effect to the Chinese Child policy. II. The basic situation of the rural social security system Since 1990s, the government has explored the way of establishing the ruralsocial security system, which includes rural social pension system, rural medicalsupport system and rural minimum life protection system. Since 20 century, therural social security system has come to stagnation and hardly taken any effect.The peasants are provided by the traditional way of family support and holdingsguarantee. With the development of economy and society, the actual ways offamily support and holdings guaranteeare confronted with following challenges: First, according to the Fifth Census, in rural area the problem of populationaging has arisen. It is estimated that China's problem of population aging willclimax around the year 2030. How to solve the problem of old-age security inrural area will be a great and severe test. Secondly, family support is getting more and more difficult. With economydeveloping and Chinese Child policy putting into effect, the structure of ruralfamily becomes simpler, the scale of rural family gets smaller. The proportion ofnuclear family and the aged family is increasing. Furthermore, rural family hasless cohesion and low income. The facts mentioned above make the familysupport more difficult. Thirdly, holdings guarantee is facing with severe challenge. While thestructure of rural economy is adjusted, peasants'income sources become moreand agricultural production cost is increasing, income from arable landrelatively reduces. The dependence of peasants on holdings gets weaker. Besides, 52the average arable land has become smaller and smaller. Moreover, at presentpeasants transfer arable land very difficultly. All above are challenging holdingsguarantee. At last, peasants have more risk in their living. The arable land contractsystem in rural area makes peasants face risk independently. Increasingreduction of arable land and much more supply than demand in labor forcemarket make more and more peasants unemployed. After china joining WTO,peasants face more market risk. Meanwhile, frequent natural calamities bringpoor risk to peasants. From what mentioned above, we can conclude that china's rural socialsecurity system is facing arduous tasks and a long way to go. It is in urgent needof reforming and perfecting the rural social security system. The author thinksthere are following problems: First, present rural social security system is out of character. Neither has itthe force of law, nor it gains any finance from government. It isn't the form ofdistribution of national income, but rather peasants'personal savings. Secondly, current rural social security has not established a common socialrelief security framework. It covers just a small group of peasants and offersonly a little amounts of average compensation which hardly meets basic livingdemand. Thirdly, current rural social security system lacks of scientific and standardadministration. Lacking of supervisory mechanism, the funds for rural socialsecurity were seriously misused, encroached upon or misappropriated. Besides,due to unsafe investment, the funds have been devaluated. In fact, 'the yield rateof funds is negative'.