Study On Management Theory And Practice Of Water Resouse In China

Water is basic natural resource, economic strategic resource, and public social resource. The existence of all life, the function of a virtuous environment, and the sustain development of the social economic cannot do without water. Since entering the 1990s, the water crisis, which has inundation, drought and worsening of the water ecological environment as characteristics, have already become the bottleneck, which has been restricted the temporary social economic development. In the face of the water crisis, how to ameliorate the water resource management; how to intensify the affect and the status of management in the reasonable exploitation, effective utilization, and water resource saving and protection; and how to enhance the protection ability, the exploitation and utilization level, these are the problems demanding prompt solution before the administration department at all levels responsible for water resource of the government and educational circles of the public management, they are also what this article want to approach with forth efforts.Water resource management signifies that according to the water resource and environmental load-bearing capacity, following the social economic and ecological environment law, the government, using the means such as regulation, administration, economy, technology, and education, etc, controls and adjusts the behaviors involved in water for ensuring the reasonable exploitation and effective utilization, doing an overall plan and a rational distribution for water resource, and making a perfect development of the social economy. The target of Chinese water resource management is to reform the water resource management system; establish an authorized, high-efficient, harmonious and unified system of water resource management. On the base of "Water Law", set up a perfect legal system in order to protect water environment and water ecosystem that the mankind and living beings depend on for existence. Regard water resource, water and environment bearing capacity as the condition of retraining, develop the water resource rationally, and improve the use efficiency of water; play the role of the government supervises and market regulation, set up water right and paid utilization system on water market, strengthen plans and economize water management, set up water-saving society; through the optimization distribution of the water resource, satisfy the demand of water for socio-economic development, and support the sustainable development of the economic society with sustained utilization of water resource.The principle that should be followed in water resource management of our country: First, water resource belongs to the state, in developing and utilizing water resource, we should realize the maximal benefit of the ecological environment, the society, and the economy; Second, the development and utilization of the water resource should safeguard the ecological balance, help to improve and repair the ecological environment, and be favorable to the sustainable development of the economic society; Third, according to natural law and objective law, we should insist that the promotion of what is beneficial is as important as abolishment of what is harmful, the development is in step with the protection, the surface water and groundwater, water yield and quality of water are unified, the increment of income is combined with the reduction of expenditure, and the reduction of expenditure have priority, the management of pollution is regarded as foundation; Fourth, overall plans, utilizing synthetically and taking all factors into consideration will play an important role for the multifunction of the water resource, for the coordination of the relations of good life, production management and ecological environment.Water resource management includes: policy management, synthesize appraisal and planning managements, water distributions management, water quality controls and protection management, water saving management, flood prevention and fight the flood manag...