| The formation and development of modern commercial bank is a long process, banking was produced on the early basis of monetary management ,the fundermental character of early bank was a usury credit, so it couldn't be a impetus of social economic development. Till 17 century, with the development of capitalism economy, urgently, the society need banks which were to accumulate idle capital and serve the newly developing industrial capital and commercial capital In 1694,The British built the first share commercial bank -The England Bank ,which marked the foundation of bank system of socialization production and became a model of modern bank system in the world. Afterwards, in Europe, capitalism countries built their own commercial banks in a share form, share bank, little by little, became a fondermental organization system of commercial bank in every country , So modern commercial system became widely spread in the world. That is ,share had made modern commercial bank.With the economic development, management content and business scope of commercial bank has been continually changing. After the Second World War ^specially Since 1970s-1980s,with the development of economic liberalization and the whole globalization wave , financial circles has been developed toward the liberalization and globalization development, as one of the most main and common principal parts in financial market, commercial banks are also following the development tendency and will develop to the tendency of synthesization , internnaitonalization, colossalification and electronification, lately, more and more merger and acquisition wave between banks and sharp development of network bank can explain all above. In addition to traditional saving, loan ,remittance, the business of commercial bank also comprises stock investment , foreign currency management ,gold buying and selling ,trust, rent, insurance ,real estate, imformation inquiry, computer service, etc. Commercial bank has genuinely been a "general finance store", provide varied financial service for economic development.According to the demand of economic system transforming, since 1980,changes have berealized, which is from monopoly to competition, from single to diversity, from isolation to opening, from less function to muti-function, by ways of stock reformation and increment reformation while central bank system is established, we have united, opening and orderly competitive bank organized system, under which state-owned, monopoly capital commercial banks are the main bodies, and joint-stock commercial banks, local city commercial banks, city and rural credit cooperative, foreign capital banks have been developed coexistly .Banking in china has been developed for 20 years and has made great achievements, but we can't deny the fact that there still exist some problems, for example, state-owned commercial banks have not been commercialized, the quality of the capital is not good, the sufficient rate of the capital is not high enough, capital supplementary system is not perfect, the banking structure is not reasonable ,the bank business is single, the off-balance sheet activities and international business have not been developed enough. All the problems above seriously affect and restrict the development and competition ability of the commercial banks in China.After 1 Syears' hard working, our country will soon be a member of WTO, in accordance with the contract of our country attending WTO, foreign-capital banks can manage the foreign currency businesses and wholesale of RMB businesses in two years, and all the RMB's business in five years. That is to say ,our commercial banks will face the complete competition with foreign-capital banks in five years, foreign-capital banks have many advantages such as capital, technology ,management ,scale and business, etc, and we can see that their competition ability is obviously higher than our banks', which will make serve challenges to the existence and development of our commercial banks. Our banks can also develop business over... |
PDF Full Text Request