The Comparative Study About Structure And Forms Of Expression In Metaphor Among Chinese,Japanese And Korean

Metaphor is an object that catching the similarities to express it with another thing a ccording to the association of mind. As an important constituent part of figure of spee ch, metaphor has its particular structure and forms. Chinese, Japanese and Korean all have amount of metaphor expression. This paper mainly talks about the similarities an d differences of Chinese, Japanese and Korean metaphor. The paper through the exam ples of analysis and contrastive metaphor and the indication, unite metaphor of Mr. Zh ong as a basic method to find the similarities and differences of Chinese, Japanese and Korean metaphor with the study of three elements of metaphor.The paper consists of five parts.The first part introduces the definition, scope, purpose of research and method of m etaphor. It introduces the previews research of metaphor and the relationship of gram mars of Chinese, Japanese and Korean sums up the method of research.The second part studies the elements and constituents of metaphor. Chinese and Ko rean metaphor only builds in the basis of their similarities, but the relationship is not t he only elements of metaphor in Japanese. The scope of Japanese is wider than Chines e and Korean. According to Mr. Zhong, connective is the standards to distinguish the i nstruction and combination of metaphor. This chapter also gives the concepts of Chine se, Japanese and Korean connectives.Chapter three mainly analyzes the structure and the form of metaphor in Chinese, J apanese and Korean with its frame. Instruction metaphor has the basic structure and fo rm:body as subject, the vehicle as object, and the connective which has verb function s acting as connection, the relationship is as subject-verb-object. Verb and object con sists of predicate of clause; body, vehicle and connective consist of the forms of the su bject-predicate structure. At the basis of the structure and construction, there are some dissymmetric with semantic directing or syntactic structure in body and vehicle. Altho ugh there is some specific condition, because of the appearance of the three componen ts of metaphor, the forms of instruction metaphor may concentrate easily, and the expr essions are also similar among these three language.Chapter four analyzes the structure and the expression of metaphor among three la nguages with the frame combination metaphor. The characteristics of the combination metaphor are omission of connective. This chapter analyzes the co-occurrences of the body and vehicle, omissions of body and omissions of vehicle. The co-occurrences of the body and vehicle which has the relations of subject-predicate consists the basic fo rms of structure. This chapter mainly focus on the expression of coordinative and mod ification relation which are outside of the subject-object relation of body and vehicle. There are not combination metaphors which both have structure and syntax paralleled in Japanese metaphor, and so in Chinese and Korean, the vehicle can't be the modifier of attributes. With the condition of omission, although there are metaphor forms whic h exist with nouns or clauses in Chinese, Japanese and Korean, but in proverb, combin ation metaphor with noun or noun phrases in Japanese and Korean, not in Chinese. In omissions of metaphor, the similarities as the elements express in its metaphor, that is body+similarities. The forming of theses similarities easily confusion with analogy. Metaphor emphasizes the similarities of body and vehicle, but analogy emphasizes the unity of body and vehicle. The verb of Japanese and Korean expresses as automatic f orm, but not in Chinese.The fifth part is conclusion. It concludes the similarities and differences of structure and expression form of instruction and combination metaphor especially differences.