Ma Yu And Sun Buer's Contribution To The Quan Zhen Taoism

Ma Yu (1123-183AD) was born in NingHai of Jin Dynasty, (Mouping in Yantai city, Shandong Province). His original name was CongYi and he was the posterity of General Ma Yuan of Han Dynasty. When he became a student of Wang Chongyang, He replaced his original name with Ma Yu. In history, he was widely known as Dan Yangzi, namely, the Person who was listed on the top of Seven Perfect ones of the Quan Zhen Daoism. Sun Buer (1119-1182AD) was born in NingHai of Jin Dynasty, (Mouping in Yantai city, Shandong Province). Her family name was Sun, her surname was Fu Chun. When she became a student of Wang Chongyang, she replaced her original name with Sun Buer. In history, she was widely known as Qing Jing Sanren, namely, the Person who was listed on the top of female Taoist priest of the Quan Zhen DaoismQuan Zhen Taoism was one of the important Religious sections of Chinese Taoism. It was established by Wang Chongyang in Zhong Nan Mountain in Shanxi Province during the north Song last years of the period to south Song early years. It was raised to three states of Jiaodong in Shandong Province, and then headed for a whole country. The emergence and fad of Quan Zhen Taoism, mean a great reform exercises of the Taoism launched and succeed, it made the Taoism had the variety of creation and marked a Chinese Taoism history to develop to a new stage and expected the direction of the Taoism development after predominating, its history meaning was important. In addition, a religious section embraced the essence Inner Alchemy which established by Zhang Boduan (mainly Bai Yuchan) afterwards was also returned into Quan Zhen Taoism and was called south religion. Then the section of Wang ChongYang's was called north religion.In addition to inherited traditional religion of Chinese Taoism thought, Wang ChongYang also tidied up the records which included sign and Dan medicine etc. thought outside of the contents. He made Taoism from ghost absolute being adoration to promote to set free for the mind and body of way. He highly proposed three religion sections to unite as one and laid claim to a life double to fix, first sex after life. Wang ChongYang had two big achievements during his life:one was comprehensive creative the Quan Zhen Taoism according to traditional Chinese Taoism culture; the other was select, develop the elite of Quan Zhen Taoism, namely the "Seven Perfect ones of the Quan Zhen Daoism". These two great achievements for the booming development of Quan Zhen Daoism beat next the foundation of firmness, and laid groundwork for today's Taoism.Although the Quan Zhen Daoism was established by Wang Chongyang, but the "Seven Perfect ones of the Quan Zhen Daoism" made it promote to strong. The "Seven Perfect ones of the Quan Zhen Daoism" were excellent persons who practiced all of the three religion sections and resolved to learn Dao. And depended on the effort of "Seven Perfect ones of the Quan Zhen Daoism", the Quan Zhen Daoism was spread to Lu, Shan, Yu and Ji etc. ground. Ma Yu Sun Buer husband and wife became friends with Wang Chongyang at the earliest stage in "Seven Perfect ones of the Quan Zhen Daoism" and also had results in self-discipline earlier. They inherited Chongyang master's duty of developing the sect, made it thorough popular support further, and did great contribution to the earlier development of the Quan Zhen Daoism.Ma Yu and Sun Buer lived at Qi Lu ground where Confucianism culture and Taoist culture had heavily. They were influenced by Qi Lu culture since childhood and they all wanted to make cultivation of Dao. They were taught with Daoism hardly by Wang Chongyang, and then joined the Quan Zhen Daoism. After Wang Chongyang's death, Ma Yu became the second leader of Quan Zhen Daoism. Ma Yu realized the responsibility graveness, he made cultivation of Dao hardly and putted forth effort to expand diocese in Guanzhong. He constructed the Quan Zhen ancestral court strongly and made the Daoism stronger and walk ascend stable of development. He taught people with Daoism hardly when he returned to Shandong and made the Quan Zhen thoughts go deep into public. The Quan Zhen Taoism was getting stronger in the development in three states of Jiaodong, the position was getting firmer. Sun Buer was Ma Yu's wife, she was the only female of the seven immortals, she preached in Henan after realized the Dao. By her resilience effort, the local people had a certain understanding to the Quan Zhen Taoism. It had a certain development in Luoyang and made Henan gum with the Jiaodong and Guanzhong diocese act in cooperation and laid good foundation to the national radiation for Quan Zhen Taoism.Ma Yu and Sun Buer inherited Wang Chongyang's Taoist thought, also developed and creative it. They inherited the thought of the life double to fix, first sex after life. They also emphasized that "quiet and inaction" was the root of self-discipline. In "three religion sections to unite as one", they absorbed filial piety of Confucianism and thy true self of Buddhism, used Taoist as foundation, with proud release life and the quiet and inaction to prove Dao, developed the theory of inner Dan. In the theory of Daoism, they made their special contributions, especially in fields such as individual cultivation, ideas of combination of Mind and Annoy, association of spiritual nature and life with spirit and breath, etc. In the meantime, Sun Buer explained the female Dan of self-disciplines uniquely, she made great contribution to the development of female Dan of Taoism.Moreover, Ma Yu and Sun Buer paid attention to select and develop talented person very much, they absorbed the people who spread over each social stratum and provided a beneficial condition for the development of Quan Zhen Taoism. It established prosperous foundation for Quan Zhen Taoism later. On basis of their works, the dissertation conducts a historical study on Ma Yu and Sun Buer's life,their academic achievements, and their special experiences as a Taoist in a hope of probing their positive effect in the early stage of development of Quan Zhen Taoism, which has been so tightly linked with their contributions to the Quan Zhen Taoism.