A Review And Reflction On The Seventeen Year's Ideological Trend Of Literature Humanities

In Yan'an Literature Forum, Chairman Mao clearly pointed out the developing direction of socialist literature, that is, as one part of socialist revolution, literature in social society should be the weapon to educate the masses and promote the proletariat revolution.The general principle of art has been implemented well in the seventeen year, coupling with influences from Soviet Union Literary Theory, Seventeen Year Literature can only be an instrument to reflect struggles among classes and be strictly controlled by the authorities. By doing these, the literature slowly changed to trends of abstract, conceptual and modeling. In most of them, the proletarian heroes were created according to a certain model, which intend to show a bright future of revolution or encourage people to delicate themselves into class struggles.In th Call of the policy of Hundred of Pair, some theorists on the art critics trend to put forward their own views but met with the criticism of some theorists, there are three main argues:a) Wang Renshu's Sentiment Theory and Qian Gurong's Literature as Humanism Theory; b) Shao Quanlin's Middle character Theory and Realism deepening Theory; c) Zhou Gucheng's Indifferent realm Theory and Real feeling Theory. These were involved in important theoretical issue such as the real art, purpose, function, subjects of art and the source of art and beauty. With the continuous expansion of the anti-rightist struggle, these theories were increasingly seen as the theory of bourgeois rightist that had been criticized and accused.Despite that theories of Wang Renshu,Qian Gurong,Shao Quanlin,Zhou Gucheng and others who pay great attention on human sentiment, concrete man and life occupy very important theoretical position in the twentieth century, these views are eventually swallowed by the ideology at that time, hence, demands such as saving the independent position of humans in literature and aesthetics cannot be achieved. There are two reasons:firstly, it is related to the background of spirits during that period, in which Epistemology and Instrumentalism came to the main orientation. Secondly, their theories have some limits. In the seventeen year, the understanding of Marxism mainly from Lenin, who recognize that practice as an epistemological rather than the ontological category; hence, although it is adherence to the epistemology of Marx's materialism but still an abstract ontology of substance, this resulted in the view that Marxist historical materialism is a narrow ideology in Social and Science filed which should not be held. Such narrow view of historical materialism led theorists cannot be traced to the fundamental knowledge to practice as a way of human existence, not just the approach to know. Therefore less theorists are able to propose the connotation of human sentiment and specific characteristics of human being to oppose the concepts given by critics though they mean to save humans with implementation of Epistemology and Instrumentalism.In spite of the seventeen year debates on Literature and Humanism are ended with failure, however, connotation, limitation and significance of it have enriched the Chinese aesthetics of the twentieth century and offer an important resource that can be learnt from for the development of Humanism.