Study He Zhaowu's History Theory

He Zhaowu is a historian who has accepted West education in the China. His growth and the history research has his own individual characteristic. He was born in a not rich family whose parents are technical workers, which belongs to inferior.Although He Zhaowu is not born in the scholarly family,with the influence of Beijing ancient culture and successive years of war time,he chooses to engage in the historical specialty.He Zhaowu,with certain philosophy knowledge as well as a good foreign language foundation,has translated the massive western history books and makes research,which has made a important contribution for the exchange between Chinese and foreign culture ideology.At the same time, the translation related with philosophy of history books has also effected the Chinese history after the reform and opening policy.This article,through reading He Zhaowu the individual life experiences,the works,the article as well as other correlation historical data,makes a deep perspective in his winding life and discusses his history achievem-ents and history theory.He Zhaowu touches upon various fields.This article only analyzes two aspects in his history fundamental research:One is his contribution in Western history theory' s ranslation and intr-oduction;Two is his reconsidering of history.He Zhaowu approves Marx's historical materialism,but he opposed doctrines of historical materialism and scientism.He Zhaowu,in his translation and introduction,gives the criticism on West history viewpoint and theory,proposing his own opinion.He divides history into two levels: History first is science,history second is philosophy,those two parts having certain relation.The former is scientific to recognize the fact or historical knowledge,which belongs to the natural world;The latter is the humanities to understand or annotate the world,which belongs to the hum-anities world.The reason why history can be the history is that historyâ…¡entrusts the life with it.Historyâ…¡includes two parts,namely the rational thought and experience ability,which has combined to become the historical rationality,The rational thought causes the history approvement in the science,experience ability causes the history approvement in arts,different from the science.Therefore,the history is not only a science,simultaneously is not the science or is not merely the science.It needs to have the scientific nature,as well as something outside science.The scientific nature is a necessity condition,but is not a sufficient condition.He Zhaowu emphasizes history humanities,which is exactly the question of no mention in history educa-tional world for a long time.It is so important that people should completely understand history correctly.Result from his this viewpoint,he and Pang Zhuoheng has launched the small scale discussion in the history,which causes people to have a better understanding and enter epistemology stratification level.Moreover,He Zhaowu also gives the affirmation with historical supposition method, which has promoted fortuitous status in history reaserch.He Zhaowu, regarding China feudal society long-term stagnation view as a false question,has had a tremendous influence on history circle,which appeared profound reconsidering in aspect of false question.Until now, these viewpoints still have the significant practical significance.As the length limits,the present paper cannot summarize completely He Zhaowu' s history theory,only selecting the representative several aspects.However we still could learn the lofty spirit of independent thinking and devoting to academics in his generation from his winding life and history theory.