Feeling Nature Following Nature

Emest Hemingway is recognized as one of the greatest writers in the world literature.His works have attracted readers all over the world.In the meantime,Hemingway is a popular figure in the world of the literary critical field.In the past few decades,experts and scholars at home and abroad have shown great interest and have paid much attention on this great writer,and they have made researches on the writer and his works from different perspectives.As the most important and influential American novelist of the twentieth century,Hemingway treats nature as the central motif of his life and creation.The excellent descriptions of the nature and the close relationship between nature and man are the main feature of Hemingway's creation.Nowadays,the whole world is facing with the severe environmental problems.The issue of ecosystem has been one of the most emergent and difficult problems in today's society,and man and nature have an intense relationship.Accompanied with the environmental crisis all over the world,a new discipline- eco-ethics comes into being in the beginning of the twentieth century. As a cross-discipline of ecology and ethics,eco-ethics explores the human's ethical duties for nature.Accordingly,with the hope of arousing people's ecological awareness and asking people to protect the environment,many foresighted and responsible scholars apply the theories of the eco-ethics to analyzing and studying literary works.And some of them apply the eco-ethical theories to analyzing Hemingway's works and explore the ecological ideas in them.These studies enrich the research on Hemingway and his works and help people ponder over the relationships between nature and man.But it was a pity that the past studies only analyzed the works from a broad perspective of eco-ethics and didn't employ the concrete theories of it.Eco-centrism is a school of the eco-ethics.It stresses the intrinsic values and the existing rights of nature.It asks human beings to follow the inner laws of nature.This thesis tries to analyze Hemingway's Fathers and Sons, An African Story,and The Old Man and the Sea with Rolston's concrete theories of eco-centrism, and to explore the rich ecological ideas in the novels.The purpose of the study includes three parts.Firstly,the study tries to analyze Hemingway's Fathers and Sons,An African Story,and The Old Man and the Sea.Through the analyses;the researcher wants people to be more familiar with the contents and the themes of the novels,especially with the first two ones.Secondly,the study tries to employ the concrete theories of eco-ethics- Rolston's theories of eco-centrism in the analysis of the texts and do the cross-discipline research.Thus it will enlarge the application of the theories of eco-centrism in the literary criticism.Thirdly,through the analysis of the contexts,the study tries to show the values,the rights and the laws of the natural world in Hemingway's works.It wants to arouse people's ecological awareness and to help people treat nature with the right attitudes.The study applies an integrated approach of the document research,the textual analysis and the cross-disciplinary study.Through the document research,the researcher puts forward the questions of the study and then applies the theories to analyzing the texts.The following is the significance of the study.Firstly,the study analyzes Hemingway's three excellent novels.Through the analysis,people could be more familiar with them,especially with the first two novels.Secondly,the study employs the concrete theories of eco-ethics-Rolston's theories of eco-centrism in analyzing Hemingway's works.Thus it not only enriches the research on Hemingway and his works,but also enlarges the application of the theories of eco-centrism.In the meantime,the study explores the conspicuous problem of our society- the ecological problem,and has a positive meaning in arousing people's ecological awareness,and achieving the harmony between nature and man.