Research Of The Shipengshan Tomb

This article is based on the Shipengshan Tomb which is a prehistoric tomb in western Liaoning. According to the archaeological culture of the tomb, the vast majority of academics and scholars classify it to the Xiaoheyan cultural. Shipengshan Tomb is the largest number and the most complete group of data published about Xiaoheyan cultural by now, which is of great significance for us to know and research Xiaoheyan cultural . However, besides the author of the tomb report, there is not anyone who does a systematic analysis and discussion on the tomb. The author started from the layout of the tomb, according to the layout of the buried potteries were putted in the tomb, the tomb is divided into regions, regions are divided into rows, rows have the distribution from the head to end by the early to late, and discussed the related social issues. This article starts from the buried potteries, get the relationship Sooner or later between age of the cemetery burial and pottery by analyzing of pottery typology, then analyzed the characteristics of the layout of the cemetery and social problems related. Trying to analyze Shipengshan Tomb from a different starting unlike the author of the tomb report, and gaining some new recognizes of the Shipengshan Tomb.Carving out the type and style of cylindrical cans, dous, earthen blows, pots, cans buried by the grave, through the analysis of their typology. And buried potteries reach a new program in phases, through relationship between the typical pottery by the relationship of Combination among several groups of potteries and combination of several buried potteries, they will be divided into three stages four sections. Using the relationship of era between the buried potteries, which is got by the analysis of the potteries with the relevant cultures', we get the era and relationship of it of the cemetery. The relative age of the tomb generally equivalent to the late stage of the Yangshao Period, the absolute age is from BC 3600-2800, lasted about 800 years.We give an additional reasons for the tomb subdividing, according to the burial layout and the different of Burial customs and funerals in A,B,C three regions. We found that the burials of each region are not necessarily arrangement from the early to late with the head to end in each row. The research of this article shows the distribution, which the late burials distribute around the early burials, of the burial in each region.This article mainly discusses three aspects: The constitution of the crowd of the tomb, the burial customs controlled by living people, and the population problems reflected from male and female sex ratio. From the appearance reflected from the potteries of culture, throughout the tomb has been the used by the same crowd. We find that the crowd of the three regions is significant different and the owners of burial in the same region are closer in kinship, although the crowd among this three regions has some relation. Burial is controlled by the living, it can be found that the cognition of death and the treatment of the deceased by research on the various burial customs. We find that the number of pottery can not be a good reflection of the status and wealth of the deceased, and the crowd of the tomb generally treated the deceased in the same way. Through the research of the buried tools in the tomb, we find that men have an important status in the social production and the differences between themselves, and then women are in a subordinate position in social production. In the tomb, the sex ratio is abnormal; that the bones of men are more than bones of women. The sex ratio reflects the population strategy of the crowd in the tomb, which is impacted by natural and social environment. This strategy reflects that in order to ensuring the male labor force, the crowd in the tomb increased the mortality rate of baby girls, that indirectly reflects the different status of gender between men and women.