Rural Social Life And Social Change In The Northern Fujian Province From Ming And Qing Dynasties To Republic Of China

The mountainous area in North Fujian played an important historical roles in the regional socio-economic history of development in Fujian. For a long time, academics mostly have probed into the historical features of economic development and the basic trend of social changes of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the mountainous area in North Fujian from the perspective of the regional socio-economic history. It has formed some macro, regional understanding on historical evolution of socio-economic structure and socio-economic relationship in the mountainous area in North Fujian. However, previous studies discussed the dope of the rural life there from perspective of microscopic social life history a little in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The study ways of this paper is "social history," it adopts Yuankeng town in Shunchang County in North Fujian as the case study, reviews the geographical environment, population movements, livelihood patterns and a career change, the development of family and the evolution of Community Relations on the Ming and Qing Dynasties, explores the process of the historical changes of the community life in Yuankeng from Ming and Qing Dynasties to Period of the Repbulic of China, in order to achieve new understanding of the rural social life and regional socio-economic changs from the microscopic point in North Fujian in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The text includes six chapters, about 70,000 characters, which can be summarized as follows:Chapterâ… , "Introduction", it will summarize and review the previous study, put forward the study problem of this paper, and then give a brief description of the analytical framework and basic information.Chapterâ…¡will review the geographical location, the ecological environment, grass-roots administrative, crop structure and livelihoods farming conditions, find out the historical and geopgraphical environment of the formation and development in Yuankeng community.Chapterâ…¢will inspect the historical cource of the village exploitation and first step formation of community in Yuankeng in Ming Dynasty. The population of various large family which moved to Yuankeng in Yuan and Ming Dynasties increased slowly in Ming generation, although the commodity economy was developed in the mountainous area in North Fujian, some individuals began to did business outside, most people still was engaged in agricultural production, there was no performance in imperial examinations, very few esquire, the family building just germinated, community relations was relatively simple. It was the typical agriculture society in Yuankeng up to the late Ming Dynasty.Chapterâ…£will inspect the developing and thriving historical course in Yuankeng community in early the Qing Dynasty. In earlier Qing dynasty , the population increased very prompt, livelihood and occupation formation had significant changes. Under the social stability and the prompt development of mountainous area's economy quite a few people have grasped commerce opportunity and have accumulated a large number of fortunes, and then bought farmland and houses, educated children. The esqire began to form, the family construction and community public business outspreaded orderly. However, the opportunity of successful business and official career was unfair, the people who could grasp the opportunity was different. But, it maintained the stable development of family and community by approach of relay, reflected on the inherent history mechanism of traditional rural social structure.Chapterâ…¤will inspect the transforming historical course of Yuankeng community. In this period, especially in Late Qing Dynasty and Republic of China, with the outside environment changed rapidly, especially the society's turbulent, the business straightened in Fuzhou coastal areas, the internal Yuankeng community society divided aggravating gradually, which reflected by the rise and decline of the family population, the multipolication of the livelihood and occupational structure, it changed the community relations and order. This was the important historical content of community transformation in Yuankeng in late Qing Dynasty and Republic of China.Chapterâ…¥is "the conclusion", That is to Sum up the history changes of community life and community order in Yuankeng from Ming and Qing Dynasty. Promulgate its historical characteristic and the historical mechanism, and reconsider the mountainous area's economic development and historical performance and historical influence of the social structure vicissitude during Ming and Qing period.