The Relationship Of The Social Groups And Change Of Local Order At The Border Regions Between Kiangsu And Shandung In The Late Qing

By settling the historical documents and the field research, and highlighting the story of Pang Sanjie who was the Big Sword Society leader, this thesis is to survey the differences of explaining the regionalism and the state power between the local people and the local governor in the border regions of Kiangsu and Shandung, when they were using the social group's identities.It has indicated that some members of the social groups made the group's power as their tool to get the resource and the local power in the developing process of the group. The behavior pattern of the social group depended on the regionalism. In 1896, the boundaries and the identities of Big Sword Society changed greatly, since it had surpassed the borderline. The local defend organization had changed into the bandits in the officials' impress.It also shows that the state power played a leading role in the forming process of the social groups. And the different ways between the local government and the central government in handling the social groups, had sharpened the conflicts of the local social groups. Meanwhile,the making of the individuals' choices not only depended on the cultural environment and the advantage which was brought by high prestige of the social groups, but also on the social groups which was delegated the state power mostly. The changes of social group's identity that Pang Sanjie had experienced in his whole life were the most typical mode.