Criticism On The Literature Theory Of Russia Formalism

The aim of this paper is to introduce the literature theory of Russia formalism and its representative person Shklovskij's thought.The paper investigate the literature theory of Russia formalism from introducing its basic standpoint literariness and defamiliarization.The formalism is the first kind of critical theory that look theliterature as a independence being and just investigate the literature by itself but not by other ways, such as the life of author,psychology factors or social. It puts the emphases at literature oneself——literariness and thinks that the literariness is the reason that literature to be literature .Defamiliarization is the core concept of Russian Formalism. In 1916, Shkiovsky advocated the theory of defamiliarization. From the view of Formalist, the art means to become defamiliarization, that is to say, art makes itself more difficult to be understood so that the time used for tasting is prolonged. Meanwhile,the value of taste is increased. The Russia formalism oppose to look literature as a tool and emphasize the freedom of literature. It puts the emphases at analysing the form. It notices the dynamical effect of the form and thinks that the change of literature is the result of form change itself. Russia formalism also investigate the readers how to accept the texts.It also puts forward that the value of taste has a quite close relationship with the times.So it is advanced. This paper systemicly investigates some problems of Russia formalism by discussing the theory of it.