A Study On Superstition Of College Students

Superstition was a belief or behavior which based on inaccurate or shadowy cognition for things and brought by mental needs. It was a multi-level and multi-dimensional structure which including three elements. The first one was superstition motivation which was the inner force of superstition psychology and representation of superstition needs. When superstitious people haven't gained or want to gain intangible things, they will be fare or imbalance which inspired them to break away form morass and attain mental balance; the second one was superstition cognition. Some researches indicated that superstition was based on inaccurate cognition. Superstitious people had inaccurate beliefs. That means they had inaccurate or shadowy beliefs on things with advantage and disadvantage to themselves; the third one was superstition behavior, which was the exterior representation of superstition motivation and belief. It included superstition ritual and experience. The superstition actuality in college students cannot be ignored. The study of superstitious psychology in college student can not only know the reason and trait of college student's superstitious psychology in deeper, but can advance some countermeasure according to it. Furthermore it can improve college students' science value and mental health education. So the study has important sense on theory and practice.Our study put forward the theory hypothesis based on literature review, opening questionnaire and experts advises and make out the preliminary questionnaire which fitted for Chinese college students. With twice exploring factor analysis and the confirmatory factor analysis, the formal superstition questionnaire of college student was formed and the reliability and validity were tested out.The results of this study are as follows:(1)Superstitious psychology of college students is multi-level and multi-dimensional structure which including three levels: superstition belief,superstition behavior and superstition motivation. Superstition belief has four dimensions: paranormal belief, ghost and god belief, fate belief and luck belief. Superstition behavior has five dimensions: lucky thing preference, imprecation, superstition game, augury and taboo behavior. Superstition motivation has four dimensions: tend towards advantage and away form disadvantage, seek sense of control, seek mental support and satisfy curiosity.(2) The internal consistency coefficient, split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, content validity and construct validity of superstition questionnaire of college student were good. This questionnaire could be used to test the college students' superstitious psychology.(3) The degree of superstition of college students was lower than middling(4)Scores in Superstition Questionnaire of College students have difference when gender, faith, grade and major are different.