A Study About The Structure Of "(NP) (T) Zài VP"

Regarding the research at the adverb"Zài"and the structure of"(NP) (T) Zài VP", the academic circle has stressed in the former, less in the latter. They always discussed the structure of"(NP) (T) Zài VP"through the meaning of"Zài", this method is too suspicion.This article is based on the existing achievement foundation, summarizes the adverb"Zài"into"Duan Hou Tian Jia". Through the observation and analysis on the language materials, I have proven the classification of the"(NP) (T) Zài VP"structure, the semantic type and the limit on NP from its semantic type, the limit from the structure type on VP, and the unique feature of the implied negation"(NP) Zài VP". We draw the following conclusion: First, the"(NP) (T) Zài VP"structure'classification:Depending on whether"(NP) (T) Zài VP"structure can expresses the denial significance as well as whether to present the dominant denial mark, this structure can be classified into the affirmative"(NP) (T) Zài VP"structure and the implied negation"(NP) Zài VP"structure.Second, the affirmative"(NP) (T) Zài VP"structure has several semantic types, the basis semantic types are different, the correspondence NP is different:Ⅰ,The structure expresses to matter's objective statement. In this kind of structure, subject NP is only restricted in the third person pronouns, the nouns or its phrases.Ⅱ,The speech person states his wish, the plan, the request or propose pays the attention of another person who he talk to ,tells him that there is something is going to happen or some behavior will occur. In this structure, approximately 99.8% of the NP is the first person pronouns; about 0.2% is the nature calls predicate saying.Ⅲ,To expresses the speaker suggests somebody to join in some activity. Its NP is the second personal pronouns and the empty subject. Sometimes, the speech person's suggestion or order similar function on himself, and the NP included the pronominal subject"we".Ⅳ,The speech person expresses a dragging or the tactful rejection, the NP is the spatial subject.Third, limits on the VP of the structure of"(NP) (T) Zài VP", or the basic definition of all the structure"(NP) (T) Zài VP":The VP is the verb and the verb's distortion form"VV","V Yi V"or the verb phrase besides the subject-predicate, the independent verb may be used in this structure, the non-independent verb cannot enter this structure generally. In pragmatics aspect, the verb is in favor of the spoken word.The fourth, implied negation"(NP) Zài VP"structure only expresses the provocation or the threat, intense to express the hostile significance, its NP request for second personal pronouns or empty subject.The fifth, the implied negation"(NP) Zài VP"structure'choice to the VP, besides those above, its characters are:"The verb always shows the meaning of destructiveness either the vulnerability, the movement is easy to be realized, in the syllable quantitative aspect, most of the structure use the monosyllable note verb or"VV". In the verb valence's choice, majority is one-valence verbs or bivalent verbs.Sixth, the implied negation"(NP) Zài VP"structure's unique feature: In the structure, T does not present; NP is only restricted in the second personal pronouns and the empty subject; There is any dominant denial mark; Compared with the affirmative"(NP) (T) Zài VP"structure, this structural style was simpler; The sentence which constitutes by this structure certainly to be possible to find the advance sentence in the concrete linguistic environment, but the following sentence was actually dispensable, when the speech person expressed forbade the hostile attitude intensely, we can make sure that there will be any following sentence used; The speech person's words always aiming at the listener directly ; In opposite with the non-implied negation"(NP) (T) Zài VP"structure, the implied negation"(NP) Zài VP"structure was strongest relies on the linguistic environment .Majority of this article concentrate on I describes, but the explanation is insufficiently."The Weak Denial"is the definition on the implied negation structure that the author raises for the first time. I believed that it is necessary to continue to study its latent value in the future study and research.