The Polders Development And Country Society In Poyang Lake Area During Ming And Qing Period

The polders development got to a period of full bloom in Poyang lake area during Ming and Qing period, the number and range of the polders were top all previous records. The protection system was simplistic before Ming dynasty, and it became comprehensive during Ming and Qing period. The reasons for bloom of polders were geographical conditions, the contradiction between human and farmland, strenuous tax, the stimulus of commerce and the attention from government. Large-scale polders development, on the one hand, enlarged the acreage of farmland and alleviated the contradiction between human and farmland. In addition to this, the improvement of soil structure and irrigation system, and the application of farm implements, animal power and fertility of soil, pushed the traditional agricultural economy forward steadily; On the other hand, excessive or improper place polders development destroyed the ecological environment. The destruction of ecological environment offered more chance to the flood disasters, making the hard development of traditional agricultural economy on the dual tracts of polders development and flood disasters. All these focused on the polders projects. For the importance of polders, the construction and safeguard of it became more and more important. Including the government, all kinds of organizations got involved the polders affairs actively and formed the polders organizations during Ming and Qing period. The formation and evolution of the polders organizations reflected the deep alteration of society structure and evolution of power system.