Prepositions Study Of 《Guo Yu》

Guo yu is one of the masterpieces in Chinese culture, which wascompiled during the period Pre-Qin. Up to now, it is also regarded anexcellent collections of history prose focusing on spoken words citationclassified by the Kingdoms and a collection of brilliant history prose. Themasterpiece recorded the history events that happened during a period of 538years form the 2nd year of Mu kingdom of Xizhou(that is 990 B.C)to the 16thyear Ding Kingdom(that is 453 B.C). The whole masterpiece was made up of21 volumes, namely 3 volumes of zhouyu, 2 volumes of luyu, one volume ofquyu, 9 volumes of jinyu, one volume of zhengyu, 2 volumes of chuyu, onevolume of chuyu, one volume of wuyu, and 2 volumes of yueyu. Thismasterpiece focused on words citation. It is highly valued for its citation ofthe words spoken by the kings and their ministers which the whole real mapof Chinese language. Its language style is characterized by thepre-description before discussion and argument, and its close logic reasoningin writing. The classical book reflected on the linguistic features truly andfully, so it should be highly valued in the fields of history study and linguisticstudy.Judging from the ancient Chinese language point of view, we can seethat it showed heritage of Jiaguwen(the words on the bone of some animals) of the earlier ancient times and leading to the existence of later masterpiecesin the mid-ancient times, such as lushichunqiu(autumn and spring of lus-thecollections of ideas of a scholar whose surname is lu), xunzi(the collectionsof ideas of a scholar whose surname is xun and his pupuils ),shiji(a Chinesehistory book written by simaqian) etc. So it is regarded as the bridge andconjunction for the between the two language times(earlier ancient time andthe Mid_ancient tiems) and exhibits high value in language research andlinguistic material.Although there are some available researches on the Pre_Qin Chinese inrespect of structural words done before, we have to say that the study is stillin the preliminary stage. Propositions makes difference in Chinese languagefunction, and they are one of the very important structural words in languageanalysis. At present, there are still some disputes and disagreements onChinese proposition studies generally, which poses some difficulties infront of me when I proceed to my research on the propositions of Pre Qinlanguage based on the masterpiece of guo yu.The author, according to the vocabulary and grammar definition theoryof Mr.Wangli(a great and famous Chinese linguist in China ), combined theancient language analysis method(in Chinese we call it xungu fang fa) andmodern language analysis method to avoid the negative effects of the ancientlanguage analysis where flexible judgment on the meaning often were doneby the researchers own minds according to the contexts. In this dissertation, systematic point of views and history point of views are frosted by the author,and both qualitative method and quantitative method are adopted hereinto.All the propositions have been collected and considered in this study toensure the research is done as an exhaust study, and the research has beendone in details in the following respects language semantic function ofmeaning, grammar study function and distribution. Comparison among themasterpiece and its earlier and later languages (ancient language say,jiaguwen and jinwen and modern language) is done to explore the origin,formation and development of propositions in order to set their historyposition in guoyu.Based on the other previous study, this dissertation aims to make anexhaustive, systematic and detailed study of the prepositions in The Guo Yu.The 21 prepositions which the thesis attempts to probe into include: Yi (以),Yu (於),Yu (于),Wei (为),Yu (與),Zi(自),Ji (及),Zai (在),You (由),Yong (用),Yin (因),Dang (當),Lai (賴),Bi (比),Zhong (中),Fang (方),Xian (先),Shun (顺),Ping (慿),Hu (乎),Sui (随) and so on. Quality method and quantity method are adoptedhereinto.There are 2 points of significance as far as this research is concerned. Atfirst, it helps to work of xungu(seek the usage of words in ancient Chinese).just as Mr. yangshuda put it, "to study the ancient without grammaticalstructure is not a fine art of the job". Proposition studies in this dissertation falls in the scope of structure study, which surely helps to xungu and theunderstanding of guoyu. Secondly, it helps to enhance the grammaticalstudies. Just as Mr. Guoxiliang said," Chinese grammar history should be builton the study on some classical masterpieces, or the gap between 2 languagegenerations" And my research happens to belong to the masterpieces study,and the contribution will add some brick and tiles to the Chinese historystudy building.