Risk Factors For Attempted Suicide Among University Students In Chongqing

Objective: To explore risk factors through studying university students of attempted suicide and non-suicidal behavior. To compare the characteristics of suicide attempters between male and female university students with explaining the significantly higher rates of attempted suicide in women.Method: The investigation was conducted in September 2005.A case control study was carried out between 62 suicide attempters and 124 matched non-suicidal attempters.They were assessed with demographic information questionnaire, symptom checklist 90(SCL-90),defense style questionnaire (DSQ),impulsive behavior scale(IBS), modified overt aggressive behavior scale(MOAS), adolescent self-rating life events check list(ASLEC) ,quality of life scale and structure clinical interview for DSM-IV-R- patient(SCID-P).Results:①The characteristics of suicide attempters were as follows:62.9% were committed curative,95% had emotion disorder,65% were found someone present on suicidal occasion,27% had ever written dying testament,35% had told someone suicidal idea,19% had formulated careful planning.②Comparison of symptom self-rating scale,there were significant differences from somatization,constraint, anxiety, hostility, interpersonal relationship sensitiveness,depression, paranoia, phobophobia and psychotic fators between two groups.③Compared with non-suicidal university students,suicide attempters were more inclined to adopt immature defense, for example project, passive aggression, latent visualization, complain, splitting,withdrawal and somatization style.④Comparison of impulsive behavior ,differences between two groups were found in planning, motive, cognition factors and total scores.⑤Comparison of aggressive behavior ,there were differences from body attack, words aggression, anger, hostility, self aggression factors and total scores between two groups.⑥mental illnesses were statistical associated with suicide attempted.⑦Comparison of life events,there were differences of interpersonal relationship, learning pressure, suffering punish, healthy accustomization factors and so on.⑧Comparison of life quality,the suicide attempters'group was significantly lower than that in the control group.⑨Conditional logistic regression identified risk factors of suicidal behaviors:less planning, impulsiveness, cognitive deficit, depression,neurosis fators , sensitive interpersonal relationship,higher learning pressure,difficult healthy adaption and poor life quality.⑩Detailed assessments of 18 male and 44 female suicide attempters through questionairs,we found that the rate of impulsive suicide attempters in the female group was higher than that in the male group,and immense psychological effect of negative life events in the female group exceeded to that of the male .Conclusion:①there were seven predictors of attempted suicide: impulse to cope with an emergence, depressive disorder, psychotic indication, poor life quality ,life events especially heavy learning pressure, tense interpersonal relationship and difficulty to adapt some habits,so it was important to establish suicide prevention plan in order to aim directly at individual with risk factors.②Suicidal behaviors were related to the characteristics of impulsiveness and immense negative psychological effect.Therefore we should positively institute intervention for them.