The Pollution And Reform In American Industrial Cities In The Late 19～(th) Century

In the late 19th century, with the rapid process of industrialization andurbanization, there sprang up a great number of newly industrial cities inthe northeast and midwest areas in America.These cities experienced a great economic development, on thecontrary, the environment in those cities aggravated sharply, and itbecomes one of the most severe problems which are universallyconfronted with during this period.This thesis intends to give an overview on the environmental p-ollution and the controlling activities of those industrial cities.This thesis can be divided into four chapters, three major parts, whichconsists of the introduction, the major text and the conclusion.The Introduction part chiefly introduces the previous research workin this field by scholars at home and abroad, and points out the theoreticaland practical meaning of this presentation. Moreover, this part also makesclear of the definition of research object, time limit and the conception ofthe environmental pollution.Charpter one explores the general condition of American Indus-trial cities in the late 19th century. After the Civil War, Americanindustrialization and urbanization intensified, which built the majormotivity of the rapid rising and development of these industrial citi es.Chapter Two describes the state of pollution in these industrialcities and analyzes the reasons of the pollution in details. This pa-rt displays the serious of pollution in these industrial cities in fouraspects, and further reveals that the cause for the deteriorate of cit-ies'environment is the contradiction between the inperfect city fun-ctions and a series of city problems, which are brought about by t-he rapid process of industrialization and urbanization.Chapter Three discusses the motive force and the specific mea-sures of the controlling and reforming to the pollutions in those in-dustrial cities. It also summarizes that there are some active effectshave been achieved, but the pollution in the cities was still serious,and the environment didn't get complete improvement.Chapter Four summarizes the thesis briefly, and conclude sometheoretical questions which are embodied from the course of the p-olluting and reforming activities in those industrial cities. By thinki-ng over these questions, the author get some helpful enlightenments.