The Chronicle Biography Of Zhou Liang-gong

Zhou Liang-gong(1612-1672), is a renowned scholar in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, whose styled name is Yuan-liang and assumed name is Jian-zhai or Li-yuan. In 1640, Zhou Liang-gong passed the highest imperial examination held in the palace under the emperor's supervision, he was bestowed head of Wei-xian of Shan-dong province. Later on, for the contribution of defending Wei-xian, he was promoted to Yu-shi. But, just at that time, the Ming Dynasty became extinct . Enter the Qing Dynasty, He held several positions successively as follows : taking charge of salt industry of Liang-huai, taking charge of coast defence and combat readiness of Huai-yang, been inspector and Bu-zheng-shi of Fu-jian province, been vice public procurator of procuratorate, been You Shi-lang of Ministry of Revenue, taking charge of coast defence of Qing-zhou, taking charge of cereals of Jiang-nan. Zhou Liang-gong was rich in managing economy, as a official, he was competent and famous. He had been in spite of his life to resist the violating of Qing-jun, but, eventually, he surrendered to the Qing Dynasty; Wherever he went, he was loved by people, but he was impeached and thrown into prison twice. The turbulent times of the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty had caused the same mystery of life of Zhou Liang-gong.Zhou Liang-gong loved reading and loved to create poems and articles ardently, even in prison, he composed daily as before. Besides, he had particularly fond of painting and seal, possessing a lot of collectors. He was good at calligraphy, painting, and occasionally told others their fortunes, what he said often accurate especially. He liked to contact with a lot of scholars, whenever he encountered people who had some professional skill, he always wanted to praise and help them. And he published magnanimous works for those impoverished scholars in his all life. Many of his books: poetry and essays were desolation, solemnity and full of the flavor of the times; a variety of miscellaneous, recording spare old news, or painters, artists'trace, or the customs where he passed, these works have great historical value; many compiled books, Selections of articles, album and Yin-Pu, which fully showed the trend of literature, painting and carving industry at that time. After enduring all kinds of hardships and difficulties in his life, Zhou Liang-gong despaired finally."In his 59 years old, one night, After lamenting for a long time, he burned all the books of all life"(original Chronicle), apparently, zhou Liang-gong was hopeless in his old age.The Chronicle Biography of Zhou Liang-gong tries to widely collect the data of Zhou Liang-gong's life and experience as well as related historical material, in order to sort out, verify and finally make a textual research of them. The main researches as follows:I. Basically sorting the chronology of Zhou Liang-gong's life and experience, and having made some explanations and proofreading about some non-detailed and ambivalent issues.II. Making some collection and verification on the intercourse of Zhou Liang-gong's, and others related experience of his friends as well.III. Making verification and then partly chronicle the list of Zhou's poems, essays etc.IV. On the basic of above verifications, further exhibiting and reflecting epochal-background related to Zhou Liang-gong's life and other related historical issues.V. Attaching importance to collecting and sorting out the related data so as to play a fundamental and data-availed role in Zhou Liang-gong's research.The Chronicle Biography of Zhou Liang-gong is divided into following parts:INTRODUCTION: Making some explanations towards examplications and principles of listing.LINEAGE: Making a brief introduction towards Zhou Liang-gong's family background and his close kinsfolk.COMPOSITION: Making brief textual research towards Zhou Liang-gong's works.COLLECTION AND AUTHENTICITY: Collecting the works missing from the complete works, differentiate and analyse the works of others from the complete works.CHRONICLE BIOGRAPHY: Making the chronicle by listing Zhou Liang-gong's life and experience. And writing the items beneath the outlines to make detail comments.