Li(哩) In Raoyang Dialect

Based on the description and analysis of the various usages about Li(哩) in Raoyang dialect ,mainly by using the method of comparison, and by describing and analyzing the host of language materials of dialects and documents ,and by comparing dialects and comparing Raoyang dialect with Putonghua, the dissertation demonstrates the characteristics of Raoyang dialects. In addition, some related questions and the analysis are put forward, and accordingly the ideas are suggested on the questions.This thesis is divided into three chapters.Chapter 1 :The introduction.It briefly introduces Raoyang and Raoyang dialect firstly, and then presents the reason for choosing the subject, the state of the related questions to the subject, the study method ,the significance of the study, the frames of the dissertation as well. Finally, it presents several contents which are related to the main body of the book .Chapter 2: Text part. This thesis is divided into five section.Section 1:The function of structure auxiliary word about "Li(哩)" . This section briefly depicts on usages of "Li(哩)" in Rao Yang dialect which are similar to mandarin structure auxiliary word; the differences between Rao Yang dialect and mandarin become the most impartent contents of all:when the word "Li(哩)"is used in the structure "V+ Li(哩) +of possibility complement" ,and adding a modal particle "Lou(喽)" behind that structure ,it can indicate the meaning of "can".The article also depicts the grammar environment of "Li(哩)"in detail,that is:(1) the end of affirmative declarative sentences which the affirm style and deny style appear simultaneously; (2) the end of the replying sentence.Section 2: The action tendency function of "Li(哩)". The article mainly depicts on three kinds of peculiar grammar environments in relation to the action tendency function in Raoyang county dialect : "Li(哩)" is the the second verb of continuous verb sentence,that is ,there must be a dynamic verb in front of it; "Li(哩)" is the complement of Pivotal sentence ; "Li(哩)" is the language element of compound tendency complement. Some ideas are suggested in regard to original form of "Li(哩)" :By comparatively analizing the grammar environment from which "Li(哩)" appears, the meaning of "Li(哩)" as well as the pronunciation principles between "Li(哩)" and"qu(去)",it is believed that "Li(哩)" is the attenuated form of "qu(去)". Finally ,this section also described this further grammar form - syllable auxiliary.The so-called "syllable auxiliary word "is a word that it can be omitted and which can not influence the idea of the sentence,it often has no vocabulary meaning and no grammar meaning ,only plays a role of gathering a syllable. The article depicts the appearing context of this one usage,that is:In the syntax structure, "Li(哩)" must be in moreover only can be in continuous verb sentence which "qu(去)" is used as the second verb.there must be a verb ingredient in front of it. Namely, the structure of "V + (N) + Li(哩)+ qu(去)"must be constituted;The entire sentence usually uses for replying others some movement inquiry which are going to carry on by oneself or for ordering somebody to make any matter.This usage powerfully proves "Li(哩)"which has the action tendency function is the grammar form of qu(去).Section 3: The preposition function of "Li(哩)". "Li(哩)" also has the usage which is equal to Putonghua preposition "dao(到)"."Li(哩)" mainly appears in "V+X+L" structure and locative objective is often behind it.The article describes and analyzes the grammar environment which "Li(哩)"appears as the preposition of "dao(到)" , and induces the characteristics of the syntax structure"V+ Li(哩)+L",that is:l.Looking from theconstitution form of object ingredient,there must be a locative ,namely must constitute the position phrase which can act as the object of "Li(哩)";2.These position phrases which act as the object is only the noun ingredient that can show the quarter in the semantics, therefore, the position phrases which acts as this kind of locative objective is only to be "the narrow sense quarter word", namely "position quarter word";the ingredient "X" in the the sentence pattern "V+X+L" which can be expressed by "Li(哩)" indicate the most function of "dao(到)" in the dialect,which are used for drawsing out the destination which the person or the thing arrives with the movement.However,it is a rather complex problem to identify the original form character of "Li(哩)",it still waits for the further research.Section 4: The expression word function of "Li(哩)".This article elaborates the expression word "Li(哩)" including two different aspects :First, "Li(哩)".which has the similar usage of "de(的)" in Putonghua.The article mainly introduces "Li(哩)" in the declarative sentence and several kind of special structures situation.;Second, "Li(哩)".which has the similar usage of "ne(呢)" in Putonghua.The article carries on the description which are mainly divided into two aspects of the question and the non-question expression.Section 5: The sustained mark function. of "Li(哩)".First ,the article briefly elaborates the process which "Li(哩)".obtain the usage of sustained mark.Next, describes two kinds of situation which "Li(哩)" is used as the sustained mark:Be used at the end of the sentence.;Be used with other expression word which are located at the end of the sentence .When "Li(哩)" is uses at the end of the sentence, the sentence usually express the continuing of movement or condition ,then by now the sentence are most of a declarative sentence.When "Li(哩)" appears with other expression word, "Li(哩)"is only used as the sustained mark and the tone is expressed by the expression word which behind it. "Li(哩)" is Usually accompanied by these expression word such as "ye(也)" "yan(焉)" "bei(呗)" "ya(呀)" "suo(嗍)" etc.Chapter3:The company using phenomenon of "Li(哩)Li(哩)".Because"Li(哩)"has the similar function with "de(的)""ne(呢)""qu(去)", when they are used in companied condition, the company using phenomenon of "Li(哩) Li(哩)"is formed.The article descripts four kinds phenomen of "Li(哩) Li(哩)",and examines the original form of "Li(哩)" which used in the structure "the adjective, described lexical category structure/ psychologyactivity class verb +zhi(之)+Li(哩) Li(哩)".It is believed that "zhi(之)" is"zhe(着)" in fact.The structure "zhi(之)Li(哩)Li(哩)" is in fact a anomalous form.of "zhe ne (着) (呢)" in a dialect.The concluding remarks: concluding remarks: summarizes the main body of a book content, sums up the view to several problem; expoundes a few problems which still waiting for solving.