On The Farmer Association And The Society Mobilization Of The Kuomingtang-ruled Area In The Anti-Japanese War Period

The farmer association has grown the variation for Hundred years, displayed as the gentry farmer association at the end of the Qing Royal Government and the beginning of the Republic of China, the farmer association in the period of the National Revolution, the farmer association led by the Kuomingtang at the Nanjing time, the Group of poor farmer in the Soviet areas of Chinese Communist Party, the farmer rescue association in the base area on the War of Resistance against Japan, the farmer association around the liberation period, the poor farmer association during the period of the Great Cultural Revolution, the reviving farmer association in contemporary China and so on.This article on the base of recounting the development vein of the Chinese farmer association organization at the end of the Qing Royal Government and the beginning of the Republic of China, the Guangzhou Wuhan National Government time and the Nanjing National Government earlier period, taking farmer associations in Zhejiang and Shaanxi province as an analysis center, attempts to expound the farmer association policy of the Nanjing National Government in the Anti-Japanese War period, and makes effort to make clear the measure, the effect and its reason that the Kuomingtang and its government mobilized the countryside society strength by the farmer association for the Anti-Japanese War action.The article believes that, the distance between the farmer association organization and the farmer in the several time of modern China, experienced a far - near - far - near change process. After the national Anti-Japanese War erupted, under the wartime control system, because of the national prop, impel and even force, farmer association organizations were widely established, the number of all levels of farmer associations increased day by day, and the affairs and the services were also developed day by day. The farmer association which widely organized, played a very major role in the great undertaking aspect to coordination national mobilization social manpower, physical resource, financial resource and mind resource supporting the Anti-Japanese War in the countryside. However, because of historical limitation, environment restriction, the farmer's lowly wisdom know level, the party-politics personnel participating excessively much and so on, all levels of farmer associations by no means formed the one which established innately, autonomously, autonomically, according to the farmer association law, the farmer association lacked independency, and its Anti-Japanese War mobilization degree also was limited.A historical enlightenment is, in the situation that the countryside society is backward and the farmer is simpleminded, poor and weak, the positive prop and direction of national force to farmer organization's foundation and development is necessary. However, the state power involved should be to train the farmer association on the autonomous ability not to be responsible until its business completed. After the farmer organization develops maturely, the force to be supposed gradually to hide, let it truly become a bridge between country and farmer's folk association.