A Research About The Reason For Minute Summaries Of Confucianism,Taoism,Mohism In Hanzhi Zhuzilue

Honshu Yiwenzhi (汉书·艺文志), the earliest library bibliography existing in our country, is written by Ban Gu of Eastern Han Dynasty, who selected the main part of Qi Lue (七略)—which is completed by Liu Xin of Western Han Dynasty. In content, except the total foreword and the booklist of every Lue (略) , it includes some brief opinions about the sources and courses,the advantages and disadvantages of every ancient Chinese academic schools of thought, which is called minute summaries. The every "minute summary", discriminating the academic successes and failures in very simple and accurate words, have earned many approvals of most scholars in thousands and hundreds years. But even so, many scholars have expressed disapprovals. For example, Cao Yaoxiang of Qing Dynasty, Gu Shi of modern times, Hu Shi,Jiang Boqian of present ages all proposed some value questions regarding the appraisal of every academic schools of thought in Hanzhi Zhuzilue (汉志·诸子略) especially. And the cause of bringing about all these questions is that these scholars hadn't considered the author's political thinking and time background thoroughly. So this paper tries to open a new footpath: firstly, ascribes the opinions of Hanzhi to Liu Xiang, because the contents of minute summaries in Hanzhi originated from Liu Xin's Ji Lue (辑略), but Ji Lue mainly summed up the views of Bie Lu (别录) , which embodied Liu Xiang's thinking while emending all kinds of books; secondly, considering Liu Xiang's times and political ideas, extremely explores the political reason for the summaries. In order to make an objective and fair explain, as well as contrasting Liu Xiang's opinions of every academic schools of thought with pre-Qin primitive classics, the paper often quotes Hanshu (汉书) to support the topic.The paper defines the topic in the minute summaries of Confucianism,Taoism,Mohism, because despite the objectives of other academic schools are somewhat different from these three theories, their academic origins are influenced by the three to a cerntain extent. Moreover, through analyzing the three minute summaries, readers surely can infer other things from one fact, and have a reasonable grasp of all ancient Chinese schools of thought.The first chapter of this paper is an analysis about Liu Xiang and his times, in which indicates that after the Confucianism lost its preliminary vitality in the later period of Western Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang, by the chance of rearranging and emending books, strived to revive Confucianism by enriching it with other pre-Qin thinkers study thoughts—just as the former scholars had done, who had tried to expand some one academic theory and set it the leading ideology. The second,thirst and fourth chapter analyze the minute summaries of the three theories one by one, pointing out that Confucianism became the best ideology because it had more political usability than other studies, whereas Taoism and Mohism (or some parts of the studies) also had made some contributions to the government. In order to absorb the benefical parts of Taoism and Mohism to enrich Confucianism, Liu Xiang ingeniously found some melting places between the two with Confucianism. But after being taken some parts according to Confucianism's need, the content of Taoism reduced a lot and Mohism had fundamentally changed itself.