Study On Establishment And Planning Construction Of Manchu City In Qing Dynasty

Manchu cities are places where the Manchus is the majority residents with a sharp contrast to the Hans or Huis residents lived nearby,especially the Han Nationality, garrisoned by the Eight Banners with walls and fences to seperate from residents. The appearence of Manchu City is the unique phenomenon of the Qing Dynasty's cities.As a city of special form, the generation of Manchu City has its origin, the System of Eight Banners has great relationship with it: for the existence of the System of Eight Banners, it had the System of Eight Banners in Garrison, for the System of Eight Banners in Garrison, it formed Manchu Cities. Manchu Cities were gradually built from the preliminary times of Emperor Shunzhi, Emperor Kangxi,Emperor Yongzheng to the middle times of Emperor Qianlong.From the beginning of choosing construction place, planning to the construction and final completion, Qing government had made detailed arrangement for the complex building of Manchu Cities. The development of Manchu Cities obviously shows Periodical characteristics: before times of Emperor Yongzheng, Manchu Cities were built in the side of former cities, while after it, beyond former cities.The inner planning and construction of Manchu Cities is the subject that we should pay much attention to study.Whether it is the style of Manchu residents or the distribution of institutions and organizations, they all show the particularity of...