| For long years in history, translations were considered asderivatives, copies, and translators as mechanical devices replacing linguistic codes (equivalents) from one language into another. Until in recent years, has the focus of attention been shifted to the issue of translator's agency and subjectivity. Translation now is no more viewed as a mere process of transferring words from one text to another, but as a process of intercultural communication, whose end product is a text which is capable of being functionally appropriate in specific situations and context use( Schaffner; 1998a.3). The awareness of complexity of translation process resulted in realizing the importance of ideology underlying a translation. It has already been commonly believed that translation itself is a political act, as Tahir-Gurcaglar (2003:113) argues " translation is political, because both as an activity and a product, it displays process of negotiation among different agents". Therefore, almost any decision in translation is consciously or unconsciously guided by ideological criteria. Ideological factors are very decisive in defining the translating purpose and selecting the functionally appropriate strategies by the translator, based on the expectation of the translation clients, as Lefevere claims in his book Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Fame.The 1950s in China was a period when ideological intervention on literary activity including translation was more obvious than ever before and decades after. Therefore, the present essay, based on the theoretical context of ideology and using "ideology"... |
