On The Dynamic Equivalence Of Extra-lingual And Lingual Factors In The Translation Process

In any translation process, translators inevitably meet with difficulties achieving full reflection of the content and at the same time, retaining the source text form. This paper focuses on analyzing the extra-lingual and lingual factors in the translation process and how to achieve dynamic equivalence in these two aspects.The first part of this paper is devoted to the introduction of Nida's Theory of Dynamic Equivalence. The second and third chapters are the body of the paper. The second chapter depicts the extra-lingual factors in the translation process and the way to achieve dynamic equivalence of the extra-lingual factors. This chapter is devoted first to the presentation of the notion of language register and the register markers in English and Chinese language, and then to the detailed description of its application to the translation process and its dynamic equivalence with examples from three Chinese versions of Shakespeare's Othello. In the fourth chapter, Peter Newmark's communicative and semantic approaches of translation and their application to the translation process are briefly summarized. The dynamic equivalence of the lingual factors in translation process are then further elabrated, again, with examples from Shakespeare's Othello.As a conclusion, chapter five illustrates the general principles of translation and the intrinsic relationship between Nida's dynamic equivalence and Newmark's communicative and semantic approaches. The paper concludes with some further suggestions on the translation of classic plays. All these discussions are supported by examples from Shakepeare's Othello. The author presents this thesis in the hope it might encourage further studies of the process of translating classic western plays to Chinese.