A Political Experience Of France From The Second Republic To The Second Empire

France experienced the Second Republic (1848-1852) that was a bourgeois democratic government and the Second Empire (1852-1870) that was a bourgeois monarchic government from February 1848 to September 1870. France experienced two types of political systems in just more than twenty years, but two kinds of political struggles existed all through the period. First, every bourgeois faction struggled to rebuild representative system, which substantive purpose was to stabilize and democratize normal bourgeois political system; second, bourgeoisie struggled to emancipate themselves and set up "Social Republic" which threatened to existed capitalist social system. The existence of political struggles was decided by economical development. The French society was transiting from agricultural society to industrial society in 1848-1870, economical development needed the guarantee of enough governmental power and citizens had enough freedom to stabilize social order. This paper studied the experiment that the French bourgeoisie tried to stabilize social and political orders in the process of transition from traditional society to modern society. The high political groups contracted limitedly to political decentralization in order to stabilize political order and develop economy. The paper focused on the cooperation and struggles between the highest rule and bourgeois monarchist so that the special problems that disturbed the government would be highlighted in the transition from traditional agricultural society to modern industrial society. Namely, the cooperation and struggles between Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, who first as president of the Republic then as monarchy of the Empire, and Orthodox Monarchist and Orleans MonarchistThe first chapter described the cooperation and struggles between Bonaparte and bourgeois monarchist in Second Republic. The cooperation...