Predicaments Of Modernity And The Destiny Of Subjectivity

Philosophy regards human as research center that never falter, modernity philosophy is no exception. Modernity is close related to human's existence and destiny, and its central topic is subjectivity problem. This thesis firstly makes an investigation into the inner connection of modernity and subjectivity, and gets conclusions that the connotation of modernity is pursuit of subjectivity;Enlightened Subjectivity is the philosophy foundation stone of modernity;The meaning of modernity lies in pursuing the freedom and meaning of subject;Because Rational Subjectivity has self-contradiction , it also causes the predicaments and crisis of modernity.It is thought that Marx has close relation with modernity and subjectivity, because he is the first person who masters overall the western modernity's characteristics and the human's existence circumstances. Marx either has the pursuit of the freedom and meaning of modernity or the insight of the predicaments and crises of modernity. So Marx criticizes modernity, and this criticism's core is to destruct Subjectivity Metaphysics: On one hand, it destructs Rational Subjectivity Metaphysics on the foundation of human's living world;On the other hand, it destructs the Metaphysics realized in the living world on the base of human's freedom value. However, Marx's rebellion against modernity doesn't mean that he completely denies modernity, and the purpose of destruction is just lying in "reconstruction" modernity. "Practice Subject" is the foundation stone to rebuild modernity for Marx, and it constructs modernity from Epistemology dimension, humanity dimension, self-realization dimension and existence dimension.Marx's various positions to modernity cause various theoretical influences. Particularly the thought about "destructing subjectivity" got the agreement and development from post-modernity. Sopost-modernity deconstructs modern-subjectivity from various dimensions and angles of view. Yet, as far as modernity and subjectivity, Marx still has exceeded post-modernity, and Marxism still has realistic meaning to contemporary society and particularly to construction of contemporary Chinese modernity. On Chinese modernity, we still can't escape from the Marxist problem areas, and subjectivity's pursuit is the base of Chinese modernity construction, too. Chinese modernity should be guided by Marxism rooting the national situation, and call for a new subject consciousness.