Research On The Negative Form Of "Very" And "Too" Structure

For those foreign students who want to speak Chinese fluently, it is vital important to master the details of Chinese. During the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, degree adverbs are not regarded as difficulties, but "Very"and "Too"which appear frequently in the spoken language are not easy instead. Based on the analysis of negation which includes "Very"and "Too"structure, this paper demonstrates the phenomenon concerning asymmetry between affirmation and negation of "Very"and "Too"structure. Therefore, this paper discusses the negative form of "Very"and "Too"structure from three aspects: syntax, semantics and pragmatics. In terms of syntax feature, we probe into it from the point of view of syntax structure and phraseological function. The negative form of "Very"and "Too"structure can be divided into two categories and the negative word can be placed ahead or astern, i.e. "negative word+ Very (Too)+ predicate"and "Very (Too) + negative word + predicate". The former one comprises two formats, i.e. "negative word/ Very (Too)+ predicate (S1)"and "negative word+ Very (Too) / predicate (S2)", whose structures are complicated. When the negative form of "Very"and "Too"structure acts as different syntax element, it always demonstrates the asymmetry between affirmation and negation. With regard to semantic feature, we start with the constraint of semantic selection. Degree adverbs and predicates represent different semantic systems, so there are some constraints when they are combined and arranged. Based on the detailed analysis of predicates such as property adjective, verbs concerning personal mood and opinion, "Have (Has)+ object"phrase, "verb+ object"phrase, optative verb phrase and noun, we show the asymmetry microcosmically. Concerning pragmatics feature, we study it from the following aspects: accent, presupposition, how to distinguish format S1 from format S2 and how to use these two formats. Our goal is to make students understand and master the usage of the negative form "not Very (Too) A"and to use it correctly in daily life. In conclusion, according to the sorts of negative form when the predicate is modified by degree adverbs, we classify the predicates in "8000 Chinese Words Dictionary", which is the reference book of HSK Chinese Proficiency Test, to help foreign students with their Chinese learning.