Valence Studies On Verbal Idioms In Chinese

The paper discussed the two categories of verbal idioms: verbal idioms whose valence include dative role and verbal idioms whose valence include patient role. Verbal idioms whose valence include dative role are categorized into verbal idioms of separate-combinative valence and general bivalent verbal idioms. Verbal idioms of separate-combinative valence demand that there are two units being in compelling semantic relation with them, and are either univalent or bivalent from the perspective of syntactic level. Verbal idioms of separate-combinative valence can be classified semantically into two classes: attribute idioms and act idioms. And attribute idioms can be classified semantically into comparison class and relation class. general bivalent verbal idioms demand that there are two units being in compelling semantic relation with them too,and can only be bivalent from the perspective of syntactic level. Verbal idioms whose valence include patient role are subdivided into five categories: verbal idioms that have patient-object, verbal idioms that introduce patient by "dui(对)",verbal idioms that can be used in the "ba(把)"word sentence and passive sentence with marker "bei(被)",verbal idioms that can be used in the general patient-subject sentence ,verbal idioms can be used in the causative sentence. Among five categories of verbal idioms, ones that can be used in the causative sentence are univalent, and others are bivalent. The different semantic features of verbal idioms determine different sentence pattern in which they can be used. The peculiar semantic features and internal structure of verbal idioms determine syntactic function and combinatorial function different from verbs'. This forms peculiar syntactic structure, which has peculiar pragmatic function.