SanHuan And Politics Of Kingdom Lu

The development of Qing and Dafus' force was an important characteristic of the society in Spring-Autumn period, and a result that implemented the enfeoffment in Zhou dynasty. By Spring-Autumn period, because of the turbulence and change of the society, the right downward shifted, the emperor and duke under an emperor returned to the edge of the right gradually, Qings and Dafus became the protagonist on the social political platform. With the clan authority strengthened gradually, the king authority was weakened day by day. Because Qing and Dafus' strength was becoming stronger, they controlled regime of imperial families of the countries gradually. In order to despoil politics and economic benefits, the conflict was aggravated day by day between one of Qing and Dafus' families and another, Qing and Dafus' families and imperial family headed by monarch. These formed the focus of the social contradiction after the middle period of Spring-Autumn. ThreeHuan is three families with descendants of the King Huan in Kingdom Lu, is a typical representative of descendants of the kings in power in Spring-Autumn period. The formation of ThreeHuan is the result of persisting in the enfeoffment in Kingdom Lu. Meanwhile, the frequent war created the favorable objective environment for them seizing military power too. In middle and later periods of Spring-Autumn, they relied on rich politics, economy and military power to control Qing authority of Kingdom Lu from generation to generation, reigned in turn and became strong clans in Kingdom Lu. As the official's salary, the feods was economic guarantee effectively that ThreeHuan can seize power in Kingdom Lu. ThreeHuan had the ownership of feods, and their descendants can inherit them. ThreeHuan not only occupied the land in feods, but also ruled the people there. They managed civil administration, finance, military affairs and various kinds of production and economic activity in feods through government officials at all levels headed by YiZai there. ThreeCity constituted by ThreeHuan were the centers of three families' huge governed areas locally. The strong private armed forces were the important military safeguard for ThreeHuan in monopolizing politics of Kingdom Lu for a long time. With downward shift of military power in Kingdom Lu, ThreeHuan not only controlled national troops in feods, but also set up the private armed forces in national capital that was a military strength based on blood relationship units. Later, ThreeHuan carved up the national troops and military supplies in national capital, not only strengthened their military power, but also weakened the king authority. With the force growth of ThreeHuan, the king authority of Kingdom Lu was weakened constantly. The force growth of ThreeHuan started from the period of the King Xi. JiYou was appointed as ShangQing because he helped the enthronement of the King Xi that established the foundation of the formation of ThreeHuan. WenZi made use of XiangZhong to develop the force of ThreeHuan and consolidate itself constantly. WuZi monopolized power beyond his father and became one of the significant personages of "downward shift of regime in Kingdom Lu ". The MengSun and the Shusun who were appointed as the SiKong and the SiMa in Kingdom Lu were other strong families after the JiSun. They stand together through thick and thin, so formed the strong barrier against the attacks of the monarchs. The monarchs hoped to recapture lost power constantly. In 517 B.C., the King Zhao attacked the JiSun, but ended in failure, so he was forced to leave Kingdom Lu. The King Ai wanted to expel ThreeHuan with the help of Kingdom Yue, he also was drove by ThreeHuan out of Kingdom Lu finally too. During the period of the King Dao, ThreeHuan were stronger. Besides the monarchs, other Qings and Dafus and some private officials had a contest with ThreeHuan too, but ended in failure. All of these proved the emergence and development of ThreeHuan is a kind of the trend of the times. After ThreeHuan mount the political platforms in Kingdom Lu, they had a great deal of behavior against the rules of systems and rites in salve society of china. This is because old ideology that serves for slave owner's class was being eliminated gradually. But ThreeHuan also kept a lot of traditional culture of the period of XiZhou, so they can offer some nourishment for idea forming of KongZi and MengZi. This is also expression of their maintainability. With the feods force of ThreeHuan developing fully, the force of private officials boosted up too. For replacing ThreeHuan and capturing regime, the private officials rebelled frequently. The force of YangHu could control ThreeHuan and capture regime of Kingdom Lu indeed. For remove threaten of the private officials, the JiSun abolish the City Fei and the ShuSun abolish the City Hou. The City Cheng was kept at the same time, but ThreeHuan had already gotten rid of the curse of rebellion. Since then, ThreeHuan appointed the private officials who have not blood relationship with themselves. With the development of the feods the enfeoffment system went to the end, the patriarchal clan system relation became flexible. The decline of ThreeHuan represents a trend of the extinction of the enfeoffment system of Zhou dynasty. With extinction of Kingdom Lu, ThreeHuan disappeared among the historical long rivers too. Its reason to become feeble and die has two major respects mainly: First, ThreeHuan ketp...