A Comparative Study Of Life Consciousness In The Works Of Arishima Takeo And Xudishan

Under the impact of western literary current and humanistic movement at the end of 19century ,the awakening and auspiciousness of "life consciousness"became an epochal spirit in the whole world. Arishima Takeo and Xudishan accept and enrich the meaning of "life"at the background of world cultural movement .A sort of ideological tendency which put emphasis on the creative activity of life that subjects modern ideological axis and a sort of life consciousness which can discover the natural vigour of individual interior run through their literary creation .At the same time ,the two writers live in different countries ,widely different historical background ,national cultural tradition and literature tradition make them demonstrate the different characteristic while elucidating life consciousness. This article studies comparatively the works of the two writers from two aspects of the comprehension of life consciousness and the presentational characteristic of life consciousness in order to deepen the comprehension to Chinese and Japanese traditional culture ,national character and literary concept. The first chapter explicates the background of the life consciousness in the works of Arishima Takeo and Xudishan. The second chapter expounds the similarities in the comprehension of life consciousness about the works of Arishima Takeo and Xudishan. First ,Arishima Takeo and Xudishan pursue eastern naturalistic life on their life consciousness .The value of individual life is embodied in the pursuit of spiritual liberty and the pleasure on the senses of aesthetics. This part is explicated in two points .One is the pursuit to primitive life .The two writers express their commendation on primitive and naturalistic personality and their longing for the regression of na?ve state of humanity .At the same time ,the two writers regard womanhood as their spokesman by demonstrating the strong beauty of womankind .The other is the pursuit to liberal will of individual life .The two writers show the instinctive desire of life through the opposition to economic system ,social institution ,ethical culture and traditional concept which have suppressed humanity .In the face of the conflict of religious nationality and secular appetite ,the two writer show their tendency of admiring the secular appetite and resisting to the religious commandment. The second ,Arishima Takeo and Xudishan take tragic spirit as the essence of life .The discussion on tragic life become the basement of their death consciousness. The article is explained concretly from three respects . First of all , the works of the two writers penetrate strong tragic spirit and complex life aesthetic perspective Then , the two writers display it to the praise of the death or the mood that yearns for the death on the basis of tragic life view .Both of them take death as the means of conquering the chain of realistic status to individual freedom . Both of them think that the death is the immortality in the field of another one space-time of the life by combining death and existence .The two writers enrich the philosophical recognition of life through the exploration to death .Finally ,the two writers take religion as the final salvation of the existential tragedy and the only fallback of mankind .The third chapter expounds the difference in presentational characteristic of life consciousness about the works of Arishima Takeo and Xudishan. First ,we will discuss the aesthetic difference . Chinese ancient culture and classical aesthetics is impenetrated in the works of Xudishan . Arishima Takeo regards westerrn literary current as spiritual resources ,however his aesthetic trend is still Japanese style in essence. Japanese culture is a type of absorbing and mixed culture , itself contains one surprising revival and recycled enormous energy. Chinese culture is a very steady and consistent system . Though it draws the resources of outside culture constantly ,it always take Chinese traditional culture as substratum and take foreign culture as supplement. Second , the difference of sociality of the thought. Social consciousness are led off strongly with Chinese writers and personal mood are described gently with Japanese writers .The concentration and desalinization of political complexion is the essential difference of Chinese and Japanese literature .Arishima Takeo and Xudishan's literary creation embody the difference in fundamental keys. This part will be described on three respects . 1, The difference of the conception of love Arishima Takeo affirms that "love"is predatory strong strength, he approves "love oneself"and denies "self-sacrifice"and "love others for their doctrine"that Christianity recommends . Xudishan believes that "love"is devotion, restraining oneself, tolerance and victimization .The spirit has approached the universal fraternity thought of Christianity in essence. 2,The difference of death consciousness .The essence of Xudishan's death consciousness is a kind of suffering consciousness in life such as society .The death consciousness brings up steadfastness of life itself by observing and learning the experience of death .In Arishima Takeo ,experience and expression to death are based on individual mood. The idea about the death has not carried out the toughness of life, but has moved towards nihility and thorough pessimism finally. 3, Religious latitude The religious rescue in Xudishan has generated to rescue the society .His religious belief has utility and secular nature on the territory of common customs of China, lacking religious latitude .The essence of Arishima Takeo's religious belief is to rescue individual life ,his religious experience have the characteristic of mysticism exceeded experience . Synthesizing the three respects described above , as the advocation of absolute freedom, Arishima Takeo puts individual regeneration on the society transforms .His literary creation has sealing nature relatively. Xudishan realizes the liberal will of individual life through the combination of individual life and society . For the life consciousness of Arishima Takeo, the life consciousness of Xudishan have opening nature comparatively. The sources of forming this kind of difference is complicated. By the look of the mode of thinking, Chinese have paid attention to the function of social transforma to individual freedom , but Japanese have paid attention to the function of personal realization to social value. By the look of Chinese and Japanese social reality, Japanese social subject is how to solve the contradiction between the individual character and the economic system, this is improved by a kind of thought revolution. And what China should solve...