The Trend Of Politicization Of The United States Civil Service And The Presidential Tactics After The Second World War

The main research of this text is from behind World War II, the administrative change taken place of system of U.S.A. The function of U.S.A.'s administrative system is to used for carrying out the national laws and regulations, the policy is ordered etc. But since World War II was over , with the development at full speed of the economic society of U.S.A., U.S.A.'s administrative bureaucrat's function has changed deeply. The administrative bureaucrat no longer regards pursuing a policy as the duty simply, but begin to participate in the policy to make policy, more and more participation gets in the policy decision-making process. This has caused great impact to constitution system and the whole political system of U.S.A. Even the president's authority has been challenged.The president must make a response to this trend . For this reason, all previous presidents make a series of administrations and reform efforts to the administrative bureaucrat's system after the war, but the result degree differsThe full text divides into four major parts .The first part introduces politicizing the phenomenon and forming the reason of union's administrative bureaucrat mainly. The phenomenon that the administrative bureaucrat politicizes is shown as mainly: Making up " the iron trigonometry " with the Congress and interest group, administrative department, relevant committee and interest group cooperate each other in the Congress, look after each other, the formulation of the policy that common about. Their strength is so strong, the president is powerless to the iron trigonometry . Divide the spoils and make resuming again. De Peng but since of bureaucrat system law implement, contribution make as U.S.A. administrative primary principle of system one year, and has been sustaining it so far all the time . But political asylum has been failing to totally withdraw from U.S.A.'s political life all the time because of some political factors. Even may also be sharpened under certain condition. The president can appoint and support one's own person in order to win over by any means and strengthen one's own strength. Since World War II, this phenomenon has taken place. The president is not only want to make and choose talents unable to totally abandon political asylum with the contribution but also, or divide booty in politics. Though some the presidents are very disgusted with political asylum, can not make great movements either. The administrative system is even more difficult to control. Administrative bureaucrat a large amount of laws and regulations, rules and regulations are fettered . This makes them lack vigor , do things and follow the beaten track , and, usually flooded in the administrative ocean after a decree is assigned. The president has no way out to this too. Reasons to cause this phenomenon are in many aspects: First, the government changes enabling the president and politics' appointing officers to assume office as time shorter than the professional bureaucrat, a lot of plans do not have enough time to carry out, as the president changes when the time coming, the last president's plan can not be usually continued carrying out, this makes some plans needed for a long time unable to produce effect . Second, the relevant committee and interest group in the institution and Congress make up " the iron trigonometry ". Third, American constitution getting fuzzy to make bureaucratic apparatus in status of " one servant 2 main fact ", it is clear to have clear supreme power at leading federal bureaucrat the president or Congress for constitution to have. The Congresses and the presidents are all administrative hosts. This makes administrative bureaucrat have greater room for maneuver. No matter how the president's power is to expand, can not totally control the administrative system either. Fourth, the unique position in the legislative course of bureaucratic apparatus. In fact, a lot of legislation of the Congress was drafted by the administrative bureaucrat. They are familiar with the question field, have one's own professional t...