Inherent Connections Between The Theology-Philosophy Of The Late Middle Ages And The Rise Of Modern Humanism

Since the 19th century, the relationship between Christianity and modernization (together with modernity's foundational premises) has gradually come to light, having a similar connection as that of protestant ethics with the spirit of capitalism; Messianic expectation, by way of historical theology, has transformed historical philosophy and has supplied modernistic consciousness with a linear time concept and a belief in progressionism; Christianity, by means of it's form of beliefs has established a sustained overcoming of nature which is at the core of humanity's course of modernization; Christianity's characteristic unswerving missionary conviction corresponds to the inherent spirit of modernization's globalization trends; Christianity's monastic life-style and system has not only provided the pursuit of truth as a belief-premise for modern science, but has also become mother to universities and modern systems of learning; Since the protestant reformation, the direct relationship between God and the individual has become the modernistic foundation stone for the individual; The idea that all men are equal before God has supplied the ultimatefoundation for modern contractual democracy……a great deal has already been gainedform research into the interconnections to be found within the history of systematic learning.The dual natures of Christianity and modernity at once sustain and yet also critically examine modernization, and so possess an important interconnection. The secularity of Christianity on the one hand makes the secular world into a part of God's plan of redemption and creation, thereby giving it legitimacy; on the other hand, while contributing to modernity's concept of rapidly time, it emphasizes the selection and discardment of worldly things, so that the secular world only has significance by being a link in the process of the divine plan.However, a more important and significant function of Christianity in modernization is in being the main-stream voice within the resources of modernhumanism. From the 18th century age of enlightenment and reason to the formal coming out of the humanities in the 19th century, modern humanism itself has undergone deep transformation, arising from modernization's secularism-consciousness and resulting in the critical judgement of modernization. Modern humanism, which takes concern for ultimate significance as its highest objective, must again explain its taking of Christianity as the representative of traditional beliefs as its resource back-up. On the other hand, form liberal theology's E.Troeltsch, who by means of Christian theology has completely entered every disciplinary field of Neo-Kantian Humanism; to Neo-Thomism's representative, Jacques Maritain, who by means of Catholicism's "perfect humanism" has responded to contemporary humanism's difficulties, modern Christianity already increasingly composes a dimension of faith that provides a modernistic criticism of the present day humanistic spirit. The deep correspondence between the development of Christianity and humanism has an even more basic foundation: the deep level tenets of modern humanism have grown out of the theology and philosophy of the middle ages and are in continuity with the Christian culture of that time.The author makes her research on this subject from the perspective of theological philosophy of the Middle Ages and modern humanism. There are three reasons for choosing this perspective. First, the author wants to demonstrate her concern for modernization and modernity. Secondly, the author aims to show her doubt about equaling modernization to secularization. Thirdly, the author endeavours to explore the relationship between the duality of modernity and the double connotation of secularity.According to the thesis "Modern Humanism" should include the following historical periods: Renaissance, Martin Luther's religious reformation and the Enlightenment Movement. Then, the thesis traces back to the Greek origin of Christianity.