Lessing Aesthetics Thought And Realistic Literature And Art

literature and Aesthetics in the Enlightenment period was a important theory problem of literature and art in the west. Being a prominent representative of Germany,Lessing must be paid attention especially. No an academic critic,Lessing was a writer and theorist who promised and kept his word. His literary and artistic creation and theory of practice combined closely German reality for awakening national self-consciousness and unifying his nation. Compared with other Europe enlightenment thinkers,Lessing more deeply grasped marrow of literary and artistic creation and Aesthetics theory in the west from Plato to Aristotle by explaining literary society duty and historical mission,and made it become sharp weapon to sweep away decadent atmosphere of Classicism and Aristocrat-clergism. Because Lessing persisted in Realism principle and spirit and made Realism become poetic philosophy which was merged completely his literary creation and critical practice,he won brilliant achievements,and created a sort of Aesthetics style-appreciation of the beauty pursuit of Anthropology.Relation of poetry and painting was an ancient question. In a long time,ancient Greece theorists had demonstrated it,however,they discussed mainly it from an angle that was consistent poetry with painting,as paleo literaturists in China had expressed so similar view. In Classicism epoch,this view more and more made literature and art become a kind of theory basis which the monarch and aristocrat-clergy eulogized their virtues and achievements,and presented a false picture and prosperity and were divorced from the masses. It was dangerous to prosperous townspeople-class's literature and art. That the Enlightenment thinkers especially concerned one of questions was how to make literature and art reflect life,to adapt realistic requirement. By doing so,first of all,it must break through the standpoint which poetry was consistent with painting and looked for the difference between them. Lessing told them from object medium > style and effect:in term of object,painting was fit to depict coordinate bodies in space and displayed still things,however,poetry was appropriate to show continuous action among time;on intermediary,painting made use of " natural symbol",such as lines and colors,but poetry applied "abstract symbol" such as language;according to style,painting mirrored personal sight,hardly making use of imagination nevertheless,poetry used language to illustrate movement so that it was able to create characters by memory and imagination;painting's effect was beauy,whereas,poetry effect was truth. Lessing didn't completely set poetry against painting,on the contrary,he dialectically revealed the path of inter-conversion between poetry and painting. In fact,Laocoon had established townspeople's actionism strategy on the limits between poetry and painting.Classicism tragedy was regarded as themselves-comfortable saint substance by the monarch,the General and chancellor,imaginative ideological representative of feuda-noblism and clergism. They were inappropriate to literature and art in townspeople society. Only through sweeping away Classicism tragedy and making townspeople become vivid tragedy role,it was possible to found new tragedy original shape. Lessing illustrated his tragedy theory from four aspects:tragedy's periodical requirement- tragedy purification of Aristotles tragedy character and tragedy education etc.. In Hamburgishe Dramaturgic,Lessingmentioned some inspired Aesthetics topic such as artistic imitation artistic fabrication the dependence of character and environment and relation of artistic reality and historical reality. These viewpoints formed Lessing's mainly questional frame-Aesthetics thought of Realism drama.Both Laocoon and Hamburgische Dramaturgie embodied realistic humanism spirit,laid down Aethetics principle of art-classification and demonstrative method of integrating destruction with establishment.Influence of Lessing Aesthetics thought was profound and lasting. A Realism road lasting from the Poste...