The Yellow River And Huaihe River's Flood And Measures To It In Kangxi Period

The thesis systemically expounded the Yellow River and Huaihe River's flood and harness measures in Kangxi Period . Of the thesis , the harness measures was more important. The thesis was divided into five parts.The first was to analyse the reasons of the Yellow River and Huaihe River flood in Kangxi Period ?They belonged to nature and human factors. Nature factors were those (1)the rainstorm in early Kangxi Period . (2)Lingxun in Yellow River valley caused by the different latitudes . (3) the relief in the Yellow River valley . Human factors are those :(1) the dug canal for antocracy administration in history connected with the Yellow River, Huaihe, Canal which they affected and gave rise to the flood mutually . (2) the broken bank caused by the peasant war had been Paid little attention to it because of the Civil war and the invasion. (3)Kangxi appointed the officers wrongly in harness. (4) people near the bank broken actions and People's in the bank negligence let the animal dig hole in the bank. (5) Ignorance of weather change because of having no scientific knowledge about weather. The author concluded from above that the Yellow River and Huaihe River's flood was largely caused by human's activities in Kangxi Period.The second part was to describe the harm caused by the Yellow River and Huaihe River. It could be divided into five aspects. (1) The length of broken bank of the Yellow River and Haihe River. (2) the total damaged areas and houses . (3). the migration and death of people in flood and the disorder of society. (4). the damage to agriculture economy included the decrease of the crop harvest and damage to the soil that grew poor . (5). the damage to canal as transportion lifeline. the sand in Yellow River and Huaihe river heightened the bottom of canal , making the canal impossible to navigate.The third part was treating and curing measures to the flood . one was free from duty in feudal society, the other was to relieve. The grade, item and measures against corruption in exemption has been expounded in this part. There were three origin channels of meney and grains needed in relief: Interception of grains carried in canal;use of balanced barns and money; personal offering of finacial and grain assistance . In addition, Measures to form a cemplete set in relief included that reserve grains in local barn, compared exemption with relief, the times of exemption were much more than those of relief in Kangxi period. Moreover, the times and quantities of exemption and relief were more in later Kangxi period than in early period.The fourth part was measures to harness the flood. They were expounded from three aspects. That was:(1). Emperor kangxi was a commander and his role embodied that allocation of money and grains, rigorous appointment of official in harness of flood, command the harness in himself for six times and concerned about the subjects. (2). the officials were genarals in harness of flood. In contrast with the emphasises and credits of three famous water conservancy officals in harness :Jin Fu, Yu chengtong, zhang pengge, the author concluded that Jin Fu was the famousest . (3) the labors were practicians in harness of the flood, they played an important role in harness, such as :the harness plans worked out, construction, transport, dug and protection of bank in the process ofThe fifth part concludes the experiences and lessons from the harness of the Yellow River and the Huai River. It is th other important part of the thesis. There are some experiences from it . (1) Emperor Kangxi had cared about the people and been good at using the officers. It was the premise to ensure the harness of river to succeed (2). The harness of river was completed under the orginization and command of the officers, who were familiar with the river project and joined in the repair and harness in themselves. (3). A large number of people played an central role in the harness of river, using their wise and experiences . In addition, there are also lessons from it. (1). Emperor Kangxi didn't take...