Research On The Concept Of "Shi" In Pre-Qin Dynasty

Earlier in Ch'in dynasty,the concept of"Shi"(势) rather has rich meanings. The understanding of"Shi"(势) in academia laid particular stress on the meaning of"power govern"in long period of time,but ignored the meanings of others, such as"trend, situation".researching the concept of"Shi"(势) comprehensively and systematically still has its significance.Compared with the Yin dynasty, from xizhou dynasty to ChunQiu dynasty, the character of"Shi"(势) was used much more, it stands for"hypsography"a kind of natural and objective thing or"power,ascendence",which were familiar with people and with high usage.Martial theory endowed"Shi"(势) with an objective and irresistible force,meaning"specific situation".In addition,with the huge change of history, a concept of"shi"meaning a feeling of irresistible force during things development were also nursing and incubating.The character"Shi"(时) in the phrase"opportunity",appearing as"Shi"(势)'s congeneric concept to be used in warring states, the two characters complement each other in abundant old literature,which complement the concept of"Shi"(势) as well. At the same time,"Shi"(势) which means"situation""state"fuse with"Shi"(时) to form specific phrase on the basis of the view of"Shi"(时) and the view of"Shi"(势) that means turning, changing opportunity and situation, which denote the view of"Shi"(势) and"Shishi"(时势) to get mature and perfection. The concept of"Shi"and"Shishi"(时势) start to become people's common thoughts.The concept of the word"Shi"(势) originated from Qin dynasty, which had a close relationship with the shift of historical view in the period of Yin, Shang and XiZhou. The royal family of Yin expanded the right and ability of the maniton of the natural world in order to make him become the paramount God. And the King of Yin dynasty united the theocracy and regime through the power of sacrifice which he controlled. Thus the God and the people controlled the world and maintained its rule to the dynasty. The view of destiny in Zhou dynasty made people to obey the rule of the country, and it was endued with nature of morality and ethic."Life constanly changing""Those who have morality can get God's favour"are its important features. Therefore, the view of virtuous behaviors satifying God's request and respect of morality protecting people are regarded as the core of"fatality"in zhou dynasty.Chun Qiu is the one period which has the greatest change in Chinese history. There is a great shift in politics, economy, technology, military affairs and culture. The view of destiny was doubted. And the rule of the government was broke down with the changing of history. The influence of men was deepened. The social value has changed gradually from the period of Yin Shang to Chun Qiu. The God no longer decided the development of the world, and the power that pushed the development of the society could not be prevented. From the fate decided the people to people did not think much of the destiny. And at the same time the policy of using the morality to rule the country was not worked with the development of the history. It could not prevent the change of the society. The change of the society was reflected from the thinking of the people, and the view of"Shi"(势) was formed gradually, which was separated from the destiny and could not be changed by the individual.