| ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution characteristics of psychological health of nursing postgraduates and analyze its influencing factors especially the influence of social adaptation ability to provide a scientific basis for the psychological health education of nursing postgraduates.Methods238 nursing postgraduates from 15 universities of China were surveyed through cluster random sampling method. The survey tools including symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90), social adaptation questionnaire (SAQ) and a self-designed questionnaire containing age, sex, marital status, work experience, physical condition, academic pressure and so on. 276 questionnaires were sent out, and 238 effective questionnaires were collected eventually and the effective rate was 86.2%. SPSS 11.5 package was used to set up a database and the data was analyzed with t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), rank-sum test, spearman correlation analysis, logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results1,Psychological health status of nursing postgraduates(1)The total score of SCL-90 of nursing postgraduates was 93～253 with an average of (128.44±33.07) and a median of 117 while the average total score of it was (1.03～2.81) with an average of (1.43±0.37) and a median of 1.3. The positive rate of psychological problems in nursing postgraduates were 18.5% with total score≥160 being a criterion of positive and 6.3% with either factor score≥3 being a criterion of positive, respectively. With the factor score≥2 being a criterion of positive, the positive rates of each factor were 29% to obsessive-compulsive, 21.4% to interpersonal sensitivity, 19.7% to depression, 15.1% to the others, 12.6% to hostility, 12.2% to anxiety, 10.5% to paranoid ideation, 7.6% to psychoticism, 4.6% to phobia anxiety and 4.6% to somatization.(2)There were no significant differences in the total score and all the ten factor scores of SCL-90 between nursing and medical postgraduates. Five factor scores which including somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, phobia anxiety and paranoid of nursing postgraduates were lower than those of the Chinese youth norm, but there were no differences in the other four factor scores. The total score and all the factor scores of nursing postgraduates were lower than those of the nationwide norm of college students.2,Influencing factor analysis of psychological health of nursing postgraduates.(1)There were no significant differences about nursing postgraduates'psychological health in only child, academic title, grade, and cultivation model, but significant differences were found in personality, marital status, age, educational degree before going to graduate school, work experience, physical condition and academic pressure.(2)There were significant correlations in nursing postgraduates'psychological health symptoms and social adaptation abilities, and the correlation coefficient ranged from -0.162～-0.606.(3)Logistic regression analysis results to psychological health of nursing postgraduates: educational degree before going to graduate school, physical condition and academic pressure and two dimensions of SAQ which were interpersonal adaptability and mental resilience entered the equation.①factors entered the equation of total score of SCL-90 included: interpersonal adaptability, mental resilience, physical condition, academic pressure and educational degree before going to graduate school, which could accounted for 46.2% of the explained variance;②factors entered the equation of somatization included: physical condition, which could accounted for 15.1% of the explained variance;③factors entered the equation of obsessive-compulsive included: interpersonal adaptability, mental resilience and physical condition, which could accounted for 35.7% of the explained variance;④factors entered the equation of interpersonal sensitivity included: mental resilience and academic pressure, which could accounted for 38.4% of the explained variance;⑤factors entered the equation of depression included: interpersonal adaptability, mental resilience and academic pressure, which could accounted for 47.7% of the explained variance;⑥factors entered the equation of anxiety included: interpersonal adaptability and physical condition, which could accounted for 41.8% of the explained variance;⑦factors entered the equation of hostility included: mental resilience, which could accounted for 32.2% of the explained variance;⑧no factors entered the equation of phobia anxiety.⑨factors entered the equation of paranoid ideation included: interpersonal adaptability and physical condition, which could accounted for 30.4% of the explained variance;⑩factors entered the equation of psychoticism included: interpersonal adaptability, physical condition and academic pressure, which could accounted for 34.1% of the explained variance;○11 factors entered the equation of the other factor included: interpersonal adaptability, mental resilience and physical condition, which could accounted for 26.9% of the explained variance.3,Status and influencing factor analysis of nursing postgraduates'social adaptation abilities.(1)The total score of SAQ of nursing postgraduates was 237.00～413.00 with an average of (315.24±31.96) and the average total score of it was (2.58～4.49) with an average of (3.43±0.35). Two dimensions—the sense of psychological control and interpersonal adaptation were much better than the other two dimensions—mental energy and mental resilience(P<0.001). There were no significant differences in the total score and all the factor scores of SAQ between nursing and medical postgraduates.(2)There were no significant differences about nursing postgraduates'social adaptation abilities in academic title, only child, grade, and cultivation model, but significant differences were found in personality, educational degree before going to graduate school, work experience, physical condition and academic pressure. Results of linear regression analysis:①personality and educational degree before going to graduate school entered the equation of interpersonal adaptation;②work experience, personality, physical condition and academic pressure entered the equation of mental resilience.Conclusions1,There were no significant differences in psychological health status between nursing and medical postgraduates, but status of nursing postgraduates was much better than the low-educated nursing students, Chinese youth norm and nationwide norm of college students. The prominent psychological problems of nursing postgraduates were obsessive-compulsion symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity and depression.2,Bad interpersonal adaptability and mental resilience, poor physical condition, high academic pressure and associate college degree were the risk factors for psychological health of nursing postgraduates. Interpersonal adaptability of nursing postgraduates could be improved through interpersonal communication training and enhancing the self-respect and self-confidence of associate college degree nursing postgraduates. Mental resilience of nursing postgraduates could be enhanced through cultivating their reasonable cognition mode and arranging them to participate in social practice, clinical practice or teaching practice. Educators pushing them to participate in exercises and develop a healthy living habit to keep a good physical condition and giving more direction on the scientific research to alleviate their academic pressure could improve not only the mental resilience but also the psychological health of nursing postgraduates.
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