Epidemiology Studies On Healthy Behaviors Of Population In Chongqing Of China

Behavior is the comprehensive expression of body biological effects and psychological effects. Behavior affects health with characteristics like non-specific, long time effect, clustering synergistic effect and so on. Health behavior is closely related with the population health level and life quality, it's the focus of 21st century health promotion strategy and has been described as the cornerstone of healthy by researchers.With the developing understanding of disease spectrum and health issues, United States, Britain, Australia and other western developed countries began their epidemiology research on behavior as early as eighties, 20th century, and they made huge progress in fields like health behavior theory, research methods, intervention. Today, the population intervention project and evaluation of health behavior (lifestyle) have become the daily work of government, military and research institutions, and also played an effective role in infectious, non infectious diseases, prevention and control of injury among population.China is the most populous developing country, facing problems like unbalanced economic development, a relative shortage of health resources, heavy health care burden and so on. In recent years, although the disease prevention and population health promotion idea get the agreement from government, institutions and community gradually, the strength of promotion and maintenance of health behavior is not enough, the unhealthy behaviors and lifestyles are commonly existed among the population. How to get the healthy problem of social group into an innocence cycle, maintaining the long-term healthy development is the great challenge for us.This subject regards population in Chongqing area as research objects. In order to know the status and distribution characteristics of general community population health behavior, we use the cross sectional study to investigate the eating behavior, personal hygiene behavior, physical activity, behaviors of keep away from risk and psychological coping behavior at first. Then, we use experimental research method, do intervention with hand-washing behavior, to explore an effective interventions established by health behavior. Relevant results are as follows:1. Survey objects has a can well represent the population: sample 1309 people, including the jurisdiction of Chongqing: Yuzhong District, South Bank area, Shapingba District, Yunyang County, Wushan County, Wanzhou District and other 40 districts and counties. There are 1263 copies which are effective questionnaires, efficient rate is 96.5%. 126 people are 10% random re-test samples, the qualified rate of re-test questionnaire is 89.6%. The general characteristics of respondents have certain geographical representation. 668 males, 595 females, average age of is 32.39±8.68 years; 620 residents in the main city, 643 residents in the county; 614 mental workers, 460 manual workers; 366 people are below high school education level, accounting for 28.9% .2. The status of unhealthy behaviors of the survey crowd is not optimistic: Survey results tell us that unhealthy health behavior, unhealthy eating behavior, lack of exercise and lack risk escape behavior are commonly existed among the crowd. The frequencies of 5 kinds of unhealthy behaviors are: the lack of effective sports 78.1%, 51.4% not wear seat belts in vehicle, drinking 42.8% (males 64.7%, female 18.3%), smoking 29.5% (males 54.3%, females 1.5%), overweight or obese 19.2%. In addition, among unhealthy eating behaviors, eating sweets occupies the highest proportion of 76%(male 71.1%,female 81.5%); Among unhealthy personal hygiene behaviors, without annual physical examination meet the highest proportion, 71.0%; While in risk escape behaviors, do not know artificial resuscitation does reach the highest proportion of 88.6%.3. The existence of clustering among unhealthy behaviors: Among the crowd, the coexistence of a variety of unhealthy behaviors is a common phenomenon, of which only 3.7% of the respondents do not have unhealthy behaviors; 21.5% of them have one unhealthy behavior, 37.5% have two, 22.3% have three, 13.2% had four kinds of unhealthy behaviors, 1.7% has five unhealthy behaviors. Almost all smokers (78.8%) also have the rest of the 2-4 kinds of unhealthy behaviors. Followed by 75.7% of overweight or obese people also has the rest of the 2-4 kinds of unhealthy behaviors; male, manual workers, low-educated people are more likely to have clustering unhealthy behaviors. In the intervention study of behavior, in order to increase intervention effectiveness we can take advantage of the clustering phenomenon, set the focus groups and key behaviors to intervene. 4. Unhealthy behaviors are affected by many influencing factors: the results of univariate factor and multivariate factors Logistic regression analysis showed us that: 46-60-years old, male, low-educated level people have high-risk of unhealthy eating behavior; mental workers, well-educated, older people have higher probability of lacking of exercise behavior; the low age group, male people have poor health behavior; county residents perform worse in risk escape behavior. Since the impact of health behaviors are different, targets and objects should be treated separately in the intervention study.5. Combined measures can significantly improve the behavior intervention effects: intervention trial showed that the based on the establishment of appropriate environmental conditions, simple warning and simple incentive has similar effect on promoting the establishment of hand-washing behavior. However, the effect of the two joint interventions is increased significantly. The joint interventions of health education, the environment warning and incentive intervention are more beneficial to the rapid establishment of healthy behaviors.