| Objective: To study the relationship between lower limb vasculopathy and risk factors, including sexual, age, blood lipid, diabetic history, diabetic complications, and the clinical effect, achievement ratio and complications of interventional theraphy.Methods(:1)To collect clinical records and make normal examinations for 36 patients, including height,weight,blood pressure, electrocardiogram, retina, color Doppler to lower extremity vascular , temperature and color of lower limbs, the pulse of dorsal, tibial, popliteal and femoral arteries. To measure a series of parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).(2) The percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and(or) stenting are performed for 36 patients.Then, making an observation of clinical effect of one week, three mouths and two years after operation.(3) To analysis and make a summary of clinical datas of 36 patients.Results:(1) There are 25 male patients and 11 female patients in the 36 petients.Male is significantly more than female.(2)There are one patient whose age is less than 50 years old,four patients whose ages are more than 50 years old and less than 60 years old,eight patients whose ages are more than 60 years old and less than 70 years old, twenty patients whose ages are more than 70 years old and less than 80 years old,and three patients whose ages are more than 80 years old.The number of patients in different groups of age is significantly different from each other. The patients whose age is more than 70 years old are the most.It means that the number of patients increase with the age. (3) There are 7 petients whose diabetic history is less than 5 years,11 patients whose diabetic history is more than 5 years and less than 10 years,16 patients whose diabetic history is more than 11 years and less than 20 years,and 2 patients whose diabetic history is more than 20 years. It means that the diabetic history of patients whose lower extremity vascular are stenotic and(or) occlusive are more than 10 years usually.(4) There are 18 patients whose TC is disorder, 22 patients whose LDL-C is disorder, 7 patients whose TG is disorder, and 14 patients whose HDL-C is disorder.It means that the patients whose LDL-C is disorder are the most.(5)The age of patients in diferent stages of lower extremity vascular disease are respectively 69.06±7.73years old,75±2.12 years old,72.15±10.44 years old, and there is no significant difference among them(P>0.05).The diabetic history of patients in different stages of lower extremity vascular disease are respectively 13.81±7.68years,7.4±7.23years,9.74±5.41years, and there is no significant difference among them(P>0.05).TC of patients in every group are repectively 5.02±1.21mmol/L,4.55±0.73 mmol/L,4.65±0.95 mmol/L, and there is no significant difference among them(P>0.05).TG are repectively 1.5±1.26 mmol/L,1.04±0.26 mmol/L,1.17±0.51 mmol/L,and there is no significant difference among them(P>0.05).LDL-C are repectively 3.20±0.84 mmol/L,2.89±0.66 mmol/L,2.75±0.58 mmol/L, and there is no significant difference among them(P>0.05).HDL-C are repectively 1.21±0.39 mmol/L,1.12±0.12 mmol/L,1.12±0.33 mmol/L,and there is no significant difference among them(P>0.05). These results may be caused by the small sample.(6) In the 36 patients, there are 17 patients whose coronary arteries have been damaged, 18 patients whose cerebral arteries are damaged,6 petients whose renal arteries have been damaged ,9 patients whose retinal arteries have been damaged, 25 patients whose nerves have been damaged. The attack rate of macrovascular complications is more than capillary vessel complications.(7) The percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was performed for 38 lower limbs of 36 patients. 15 patients of them are perfomed stenting in the same time,planted 26 stents.There are 2 patients only perfomed arteriography, because stegnosis ratio of their arteries is less than 50% . The arteries of 33 lower limbs become unobstructed. The arteries of 5 lower limbs are still obstructed. Achievement ratio of interventional theraphy is 86.84%. (8) One week after operation, the pulse of dorsal and tibial arteries become better, skin temperature of foot rise, distance of walking is farther, color of skin recover,and pain of foots are relieved.There is one patient dead on respiration failure ,and one patient transferred to ICU for heart failure.Three mouths after operation, ulcers of 9 patients are healing, amputation is performed for one patient. One patient is dead on cerebral infarction.Clinical symptom of three patients aren't improved.Others'become better. Two years after operation, One patient is dead on myocardial infarction, and distance of walking of 5 patients become shortened.The clinical symptoms of 16 patients are still better than before.There are 9 patients lost.(9) There is one patient transfered to vascular surgery for pseudoaneurysm,one patient transferred to ICU for heart failure,and one patient dead on respiration failure one week after operation.Conclusion: The patients of lower extremity vascular disease in type 2 diabetic are usually old female,whose LDL-C are usually disorder. And Their macrovascular are usually damaged. Smoking is a risk factor of lower extremity vascular disease.Interventional theraphy is a safe, effective and simple method for lower extremity vascular disease.
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