Treatment Of Respiratory Syncytial Virus By The Nebulization Of IFN α-1b

ObjectiveHuman respiratory syncytial virus is the first viral pathogens of the lowerrespiratory tract infection in infants and young children around world. Childrenbefore the age of two infected with RSV at least once. Most of them will be reinfectedand closely related to asthma in the future. The health of the childrenwill be serious damaged. Recombinant human IFNα-1b is the China's first selfdevelopedgenetic engineering new drug. Compared to similar products at homeand abroad, recombinant human IFNα-1b has not only high efficacy, but alsohas light adverse effects and low rate of neutralize antibody production, which issuitable for Chinese people to use. As a safe and no resistant broad -spectrumanti-viral preparation. Recombinant human IFNα-1b has a huge advantage inthe treatment of pediatric viral diseases. However so far as, in the domestictreatment of RSV infection, most of them use intravenous or intr- amuscularadministration, and the children's compliance is poor. To this point, we haveestablished a RSV infection mouse model, in order to observe the inhibition of RSV in mice after the change in administration route (that is, through thenebulization of IFNα-1b). We discussed the effectiveness and safety of thetreatment of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia through the nebulization ofIFNα-1b. Through animal experiments, it can provide a theore -tical basis forthe clinical trials in the future.MethMethod40 BALB / c mice which were intranasal instillation infected with RSVwere prepared to RSV infection model, and then were randomly divided intofour groups: blank control group; IFNα-1b group; ribavirin group; IFNα-1b +ribavirin group. And each group nebulization normal saline; IFNα-1b; ribavirin;IFNα-1b + ribavirin respectively. On the fifth day five mice were selected ineach group randomly and were killed. After the mice left lung organization weretreated, they were used for light microscopic observing the pathological score(PS) of lung tissue. And treat the right lung for the observation of the trans -mission electron microscopy; In each group we kill the other five mice, separatetrachea in sterile, bronchial lavage with normal saline , collect bronch -oalveolarlavage fluid, use blood cell counter to count the total number of white blood cells,centrifuge sediment smears, count the number by the classification of thelymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils morphologic features, andat last supernatant was used for the determination of RSV real-time fluorescencequantitative PCR.Result1.Pathological examination: PS of the three treatment group was signi -ficantly lower than the control group (P <0.05) by the light microscopyobservation, namely, pulmonary changes in mice treated group were significant -ly lighter than the saline nebulization group; pathological lesions in the IFNα- 1b group were significantly lighter than that in the control group under theelectron microscope. It did not find the RSV and the RSV particle inclusions.2.Cytological examination: According to the bronchoalveolar lavage fluidwhite blood cells and lymphocyte count , the number of the treatment group islower than that of the control group (P <0.05), and the IFNα-1b group was lowerthan ribavirin group, namely, the airway inflammatory cells were reduced.. Ineach group, the classification of the BALF white blood cells are mainlylymphocytes.3.The results of the Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid RSV real-time fluore -scence quantitative PCR determination: the levers of three treatment group weresignificantly lower than that of the control group; IFNα-1b group wassignificantly lower than the ribavirin group.ConclusiConclusionThe results of this study have shown that nebulization of IFNα-1b couldsignificantly reduce RSV pneumonia lesions in mice; nebulization of IFNα-1band ribavirin may reduce the airway inflammatory cells, but interferon issignificantly better than ribavirin; Similarly, the results of bronchoalveolarlavage fluid RSV real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR determination alsoshowed that nebulization of IFNα-1b can more effectively reduce the virus copynumber. So the anti-viral effects of nebulization of IFNα-1b are superior toribavirin. Therefore, nebulization of IFNα-1b is an effective method for thetreatment of RSV infection.