| Objective:To investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders in school-age children, and assess the relationships among sleep disorder, behavior problem and asthma.Methods:1736 children aged 6-12 from five districts of Changsha City were randomly selected and 137 asthmatic children of school age were chosen randomly from the pediatric clinic of Xiang Ya 2nd hospital as our subjects, and all subjects were conducted survey of sleep quality, their parents filled out the ADHD diagnostic scale-parent version (ADHDDS-P) and were instructed to receive Barratt questionnaire. Questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS 11.5.Results:1. The incidence rates of sleep disorders of 1736 school-age children from high to low were hyperhidrosis (14.6%), odontoprisis (8.1%), sleep snoring (5.7%), sleep-talking (5.7%), sleep inquietude (5.5%), mouth breathing (3.8%), limb spasm (2.6%), going to sleep too early (2.4%), nighttime bedwetting (2.2%), choke/gargling (1.6%), screaming and crying (1.6%), waking up by choke (1.4%), remaining awake in the night (1.4%), night awakenings (1.4%), sleepwalking (1.1%), apnea (0.8%) in order. The incidence rate of sleep disorders among the asthmatic group were much higher than that of the healthy group, had the difference with significance (P0.05).2.31.9% of the 1736 children underwent investigation had sleep disorders in different degrees, children with single positive symptom, two positive symptoms, three positive symptoms, four and more than four positive symptoms accounted for 60.1%(333/554), 23.3%(129/554),7.2%(40/554) and 9.4% respectively.3. The incidence rates of sleep disorders of boys, such as snoring, choke/gargling, apnea, sleep inquietude, mouth breathing, hyperhidrosis, limb spasm, sleep-walking, nighttime bedwetting, waking up by choke, screaming and crying and other symptoms, were higher than those of girls, and it showed significant difference in the incidence rates of sleep snoring, sleep inquietude, and hyperhidrosis between different genders (P<0.05). The incidence rates of sleep snoring, choke/gargling, apnea, sleep inquietude, hyperhidrosis, limb spasm, odontoprisis, sleep-talking, sleep-walking, nighttime bedwetting, waking up by choke, remaining awake in the night, going to sleep too early, night awakenings, screaming and crying of children aged 6-9 were higher than those of children aged 10-12, and it showed significant difference in the incidence rates of sleep snoring, hyperhidrosis, odontoprisis and waking up by choke among different ages (P< 0.05).4. The incidence rate of daytime sleepiness of children with sleep disorder was higher than the corresponding children with negative symptom, and it showed statistical significance among children with apnea, sleep inquietude, mouth breathing, hyperhidrosis, odontoprisis, sleep-talking, waking up by choke, remaining awake in the night, going to sleep too early and screaming and crying between groups(P<0.05). The incidence rate of daytime sleepiness of children with asthma was much higher than that of 1736 children.5.The sleep disorder frequency was divided into three grades: frequent(occur more than 1-3 times a week), occasional and never, the behavioral effects of sleep disorders with different degrees on attention deficit, impulsivity and hyperactivity were investigated, and results suggested that sleep snoring, apnea, sleep inquietude, odontoprisis, sleep-talking, sleep-walking, nighttime bedwetting, remaining awake in the night, going to sleep too early, night awakenings, screaming and crying with different degrees showed significant difference in the incidence rate of attention deficit (P< 0.05); sleep snoring, nighttime bedwetting, remaining awake in the night, night awakenings, screaming and crying with different degrees showed significant difference in the incidence rate of impulsivity and hyperactivity (P<0.05), the more frequent the sleep disorders, the higher the incidence rates of attention deficit, impulsivity and hyperactivity.6.Children with sleep snoring showed significant difference in the scores of attention factors, motility factors and poorly planned factors compared with those of control group. In addition, children with sleep inquietude and hyperhidrosis showed significant difference in attention factors compared with that of control group; children with sleep inquietude, hyperhidrosis, limb spasm, odontoprisis showed significant difference in motility factors compared with that of control group; children with choke/gargling, apnea, limb spasm, sleep-walking, waking up by choke, remaining awake in the night and going to sleep too early showed significant difference in poorly planned factors.7.All factors of sleep disorders were positively correlated with attention deficit, impulsivity and hyperactivity.8.Eight items of symptoms, including sleep snoring, sleep inquietude, mouth breathing, hyperhidrosis, limb spasm, sleep-talking, nighttime bedwetting and night awakenings, were correlated with attention factors (P<0.05); 11 Items of symptoms, including sleep snoring, sleep inquietude, mouth breathing, hyperhidrosis, limb spasm, sleep-talking, nighttime bedwetting, waking up by choke, going to sleep too early, night awakenings, screaming and crying, were correlated with motility factors; nine items of symptoms, including sleep snoring, choke/gargling, limb spasm, sleep-talking, sleep-walking, nighttime bedwetting, remaining awake in the night, going to sleep too early, screaming and crying, were correlated with poorly planning factors.9.There was significant difference between the group of asthma and the 1736 children in moter Impulsiveness and non-planning Impulsiveness.Conclusion:The incidence rate of sleep disorders in school-age children is high, and it showed significant correlations with attention deficit, impulsivity and hyperactivity, thus sleep disorders in children and their behavior problem should be paid more attention. The prevalence of sleep disorders and problems of behavior among asthmatic children was much higher than that of healthy children. The interference to asthmatic children should be intensified.
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