| In this thesis, the chemical constituents in Myristicafragrans Houtt. and Arillus Myristicae, such as volatile oils, fatty acids, polysaccharides and trace elements have been studied.In chapter two, the optimal conditions for extraction of volatile oil from Arillus Myristicae was determined by orthogonal test. The optimal technological parameters were established: adding 8 folds of water, soaking for 6 h, extracting for 9 h after 0.5 h of ultrasonic wave treatment, with average extracting rate of the volatile oil as 13.6 %( mL/g). The volatile constituents in Myristicafragrans Houtt. and Arillus Myristicae was separated and examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results indicated that the chemical components of volatile oils in Myristica fragrans Houtt.and Arillus Myristicae were exactly similar, but ultrasonic wave treatment could alter the chemical components of volatile oils from Arillus Myristicae. Filter paper and spread-plate method were used to determine their antimicrobial activities and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). Results showed that the antimicrobial activities of the two essential oils against six tested microbes were largely different. The antioxidative effects of volatile oils were measured by oven method and Na2S2O3-I2 titrimetric analysis method. Results showed that they had similar antioxidative effects, which were less than VE.In chapter three, the fatty acids were separately extracted by Soxhlet extraction and ultrasonic wave extraction. After methyl esterifying treatment, the components and contents were analyzed by GC-MS. Results showed that the fatty acids in Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Arillus Myristicae were similar in kinds but different in contents. The suppression effects of fatty acids on nitrosation, were evaluated in terms of the nitrite scavenging activity and nitrosamine synthesis inhibiting activities by spectrophotometer method. Generally, the two fatty acids possessed some nitrosamine synthesis inhibiting activity.In chapter four, Phenol-sulfuric acid visible spectrophotometry was employed to determine the content of polysaccharides in Myristica fragrans Houtt.and Arillus Myristica. Results showed that the content of polysaccharides in Myristica fragrans Houtt. amounted to twice as much as Arillus Myristicae. Hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities of the two polysaccharides were also studied. Results showed that they had some clearing function on hydroxyl radical, which were less than Vc.In chapter five, determination of trace elements in samples was studied by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES) after dry ash treatment. Results showed that there are significant differences in trace elemental contents for the two samples. |
