The Effect Of Unilateral Acute Testicular Ischemia On The Contralateral Testis Under Anaesthetic And Conscious State

Objective To compare the effect of unilateral acute testicular ischemia(UATI) on the hemodynamic and historogy of contralateral testes in rabbits under consistent anaesthesia with those in conscious state.Methods Forty-two male white rabbits were randomly divided into anaesthetic group (group A) and nonanesthetic group (group B). Pentobarbital Sodium(PS) (30mg /kg) was injected intravenously in group A. The control group(A? or B?), incomplete testicular ischemia group(A? or B?)and complete testicular ischemia group(A? or B?)were contained in group A and group B ,respectively. There were 5 rabbits in the control group and 8 rabbits in each of the other groups.Testicular ischemia model was completed under color Doppler sonography. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) was used to observe the perfusion of contralateral testes just before and in 0.5,1.5, 3, 6 hour after ligating unilateral spermatic cord in each experimental group. CEUS was used again before and after loosening the spermaic cord 24 hour later. The control gr- oup was also performed CEUS at the corresponding time when dealing with the expe- rimental group. Rabbits'heart rate(HR), systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic b- lood pressure(DBP) were measured both in the two control group every 15 min until 60 min before and after the injection of Pentobarbital sodium. The parameters includ- ing arrival time(AT), time to peak intensity(TTP), peak-base difference ( PBD),half time of descending peak intensity (HT) were yielded and analyzed according the time- intensity curves which drawed from CEUS. Histologic structure changes of contralat- eral testes were observed finally.Results Rabbits'HR, SBP and DBP were depressed strikingly by PS anaes- thesia. And the parameters of AT,HT,PBD in contralateral testis increased markedly under anaesthesia condition. The parameters in group A showed no statistical signific- ance after ligating the unilater spermatic cord but when loosening it, the perfusion inc- reased obviously displaying by PBD, accompanyed with the prolongation of HT in gr- oup A?. In ischemia groups of B? and B?, the perfusion decreased significantly displ- aying by PBD in 1.5hour after ligating unilateral spermatic cord, accompanyed with t- he prolongation of AT and HT. However, when loosening the spermaic cord 24 hour l- ater, the perfusion increased abviously accompanyed with the prolongation of HT. Fo- cal and mild pathological and ultrastructural changes were observed in contralateral t- estes in group A~C. But Johnsen score showed no statistical significance between the control group and each experimental group. A focal damage of seminiferous tubules characterized by apoptosis were also abserved. but compared with the control groups, the apoptosis cells were increased in group A?,B?and B?.Conclusion The resuilts shows that acute testicular ischemia has influence on the hemodynamic and historogy of contralateral testes under conscious condition,whi- ch may mainly caused by a reflexive sympathetic response. Anaesthesia agents could inhabite the nomal Physiological conditions.