| BackgroundAs a member of cancer-testis antigens, Lymphocyte Antigen 6 Complex Locus K (LY-6K) has been regarded as a potential biomarker for several kinds of tumor. However, the potential diagnostic significance of LY-6K in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic values of LY-6K in patients with ESCC.MethodsLY-6K gene was cloned from ESCC tissues, expressed and purified in prokaryotic system. The levels of serum autoantibody against LY-6K were detected in sera from both 62 patients with primary ESCC and 47 risk-matched controls using a reverse capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in which autoantibodies of LY-6K bound to the purified LY-6K proteins. In addition, the expression levels of LY-6K in 20 ESCC tissues were investigated using semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR.ResultsThe ratio of serum autoantibody against LY-6K to total serum IgG in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients compared with risk-matched controls is extremely significant difference (0.630±0.052 vs 0.571±0.041, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that detection of the ratio of serum autoantibody against LY-6K to total serum IgG for discrimination of the two groups had a c value of 0.855, and a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 78.7%. The up-regulation of LY-6K mRNA was found in 75.0% (15 of 20) of the ESCC tissues sKanles. In contrast, 10% (2 of 20) of normal adjacent tissue displayed high expression and ROC analysis identified a cutoff value of 0.476 (area under the ROC is 0.875).ConclusionsLY-6K has the potential to be a significant and promising tumor biomarker for future clinical early diagnosis and tumor immunotherapy.
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