Study On The Interaction Of Lead And Protein And The Method Of Removal Of Lead

Environmental pollution becomes more and more serious with the development of industry in recent years. Lead is one kind of the serious important pollutants in the environment, which has toxic effects on the ecological environment and biological systems, especially on human body. It is important to study the toxicity of lead, and meaningful studies have been made in this area. Protein is an important substance of human beings, in this study, the mechanism between lead and protein and the effective method of removal of lead have been investigated on the molecular level.Firstly, the present studies of lead were summarized, the purpose and contents of this study were presented according to the treatments of lead poisoning on human at home and abroad. Secondly, the bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as protein, the reaction mechanism between lead and protein was researched by spectroscopy. The effects on protein structure were discussed by UV spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that: lead effected protein and the Spectral Properties of BSA, the protein-OH infrared spectral absorption was shifted by these effects, the combination between lead and carboxyl produced Macromolecular compounds or complex. Pb2+ had a powerful ability to quench the BSA fluorescence with a mechanism of a static process rather than a dynamic one, the apparent quenching constant was obtained to be 9.6×1013 L·mol^-1·s^-1, the nitrogen in BSA could coordinate with lead in Pb2·BSA, the apparent complexation constant of Pb2·BSA is lgK=10.63. Bovine serum albumin was regarded as simulative blood, the lead levels of simulative blood reached the lead poisoning status in the human body, the lead of simulative blood were eliminated by dialysis, the conductivity of systems were measured by conductivity meter. The dialysis device was set up by ourselves, the dialyzer was laid vertically, simulative blood flowed through dialyzer from the bottom to the top, while dialysis fluid flowed through dialyzer from the top to the bottom by adverse current at a certain pressure difference and flow conditions. The results showed that acids could be produced in acidic condition, which couldn't get through dialysis membrane but a little ion allowed. Correspondingly, acids and Pb(OH)₂ produced in alkaline where most Pb reacted protein group, these reactions would be adsorbed or hold up by membrane, the dialysis result was not good.In conclusion, there was reaction between Pb²⁺ and BSA, and the reactive groups were -OH,-COOH, there was a static quenching effect of lead on bovine serum albumin. The simulation dialysis result were not ideal in both acids and alkaline condition.