| Ulcerative colitis is one of the familiar digestive diseases. The incidence both in domestic and international trends has increased year by year. UC can take a place at any age. The pathological changes mainly happen in the mucosa and sub mucosa of intestinum. Abdominal pain, diarrhea and mucus bloody purulent stool are the main clinical features. The state of the disease may be mild or severe. Most of the patients can relapse. So far, the etiology of UC is not clear and the clinical curative effect is poor. At present, some results showed that UC was related with immunity, inheritance, surroundings, bacterial translocation and many other factors. A large number of oxydums generated in oxidative stress may be an important cause of UC disease. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the imbalance in antioxidant system play important roles in tissues damage in UC. They are closely related with the activities of UC.Thioredoxin system is a small multifunctional protein system with anti oxidative and redox-regulating functions, which expresses in various tissues and cells. It has many functions such as regulating oxidation- reduction state the cells, resisting oxidative stress, activating transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 to promote cell growth and proliferation, combining with ASK-1 to inhibit apoptosis. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is one of the thioredoxin-binding protein family members. TXNIP plays a role in mediating oxidative stress, resisting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis, which is a negative regulator of function and expression of TRX system. TRX and TXNIP play important roles in oxidative stress. They are important factors for redox balance. At present, researches on TRX and TXNIP in UC are rarely reported at home and abroad.Objective: This study is to exam the expression of TRX and TXNIP in peripheral blood and colonic mucosa in UC, to analyze the relationship between the two parameters and UC disease severity and to discuss the possible mechanism of action in UC, The purpose is to provide a new target and a direction for the treatment of UC.Methods: Colonic mucosa and venous blood samples were collected from twenty-nine patients with UC as case groups. Diagnosis of UC was based on clinical, endoscopic and histological criteria. Meanwhile, specimens from colonic mucosa and serum in twenty-five normal persons were also collected as controls. According to the index which was named Southerland activity index for UC, the patients were divided into two grades, 17 patients for mild to moderate-activity and 12 patients for severe-activity.All groups had no difference in age and gender (P>0.05). By the immunohistochemistry assay, the expression of TRX and TXNIP in the colon mucosa were studied the serum TRX and TXNIP were examined by ELISA. The statistical analysis was carried out to analyze the correlation between two factors (TRX and TXNIP) and the severity of symptoms of UC and the correlation between TRX and TXNIP.Results:1 Serological test results showed1.1 The serum level of TRX in UC was significantly higher than that in normal controls (P<0.05). Among the groups, the expression of TRX was that: normal controls < mild to moderate-activity < severe-activity. The significant difference was not found between mild to moderate-activity and control groups (P>0.05). But, the significant difference was found among severe- activity, mild to moderate- activity and normal controls (P<0.05).1.2 The serum level of TXNIP in UC was significantly higher than that in normal controls (P<0.05). Among the groups, the expression of TXNIP was that: normal controls < mild to moderate-activity < severe-activity. The significant difference was not found between mild to moderate- activity and control groups (P>0.05). But, the significant difference was found among severe- activity, mild to moderate-activity and normal controls (P<0.05). 2 Immunohistochemistry assay results showed2.1 The expression of TRX in the colonic mucosa of patients with UC was significantly higher than that in normal controls (P<0.05).Among the groups, the expression of TRX was that: normal controls < mild to moderate-activity < severe-activity. The significant difference was found among every two groups (P<0.05).2.2 The expression of TXNIP in the colonic mucosa of patients with UC was significantly lower than that in normal controls (P<0.05).Among the groups, the expression of TXNIP was that: normal controls > mild to moderate- activity > severe-activity. The significant difference was found among every two groups (P<0.05).3 Correlation analysis3.1 There is a positive correlation between the serum level of TRX and the severity of clinical symptoms of UC activity. The correlating factor was 0.421 (P<0.05).3.2 There is a negative correlation between the serum level of TXNIP and the severity of clinical symptoms of UC activity. The correlating factor was 0.439 (P<0.05).3.3 There was a significant correlation of TRX and TXNIP in the serum of UC (P<0.05),the correlating factor was 0.930; There was a significant correlation of TRX and TXNIP in the colonic mucosa of UC activity. The correlating factor was -0.551 (P<0.05).Conclusions:1 The expression of TRX in the serum and the colonic mucosa of patients with active UC increased with the severity of clinical symptoms. There was a positive correlation between the expression of TRX and the severity of clinical symptoms. To some extents, it can reflect the disease activity of disease.2 The expression of TXNIP in the serum of patients with active UC was increased with the severity of clinical symptoms. There is a positive correlation between the expression of TXNIP and the severity of clinical symptoms. The expression of TXNIP in the colonic mucosa of patients with active UC was decreased with the severity of clinical symptoms. There is a negative correlation between the expression of TXNIP and the severity of clinical symptoms.3 As oxidative stress-related factors, TRX and TXNIP may be involved in the pathogenesis of UC by oxidative stress mechanisms. It is possible that TRX and TXNIP play important roles in the development of UC.4 Monitoring the level of TRX and TXNIP is important for the diagnosis and the assessment of the condition of UC.
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