Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-induced Apoptosis In The Role Of Chronic Periodontitis

Objective:Chronic periodontitis can lead to gum inflammation and periodontal pocket formation, attachment loss and progressive bone loss,and may ultimately lead to tooth mobility and even removed in a long run, it is the main reason for our adult teeth loss.In this study, patients with periodontitis and healthy peeson's periodontal tissue were detected if they have cell apoptosis. to detect the relationship between apoptosis and periodontitis. Apoptosis is a genetically controlled, morphological characteristics and necrotic death of different forms of autonomy. The morphological features as:cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, and often accompanied by nuclear fragmentation, cytoplasmic membrane invagination and wrapped components form a "bubble"-like structure (ie apoptotic bodies).Endoplasmic reticulum stress is an important pathway to induce apoptosis,tissue's pressure can lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress, it can cause unfolded or misfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum protein aggregation, which led to the unfolded protein response, unfolded protein response can reduce the unfolded protein and the misfolded protein accumulation within the endoplasmic reticulum, endoplasmic reticulum and thus less pressure to respond when they can not promote the survival of endoplasmic reticulum stress relieve the pressure, would cause cell apoptosis.This study is about to investigate the correlation between endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and chronic periodontitis.Methods:According to the 1999 classification of periodontitis in the extraction of adult periodontitis patients with selected 18 cases,12 cases of healthy adults, the consent of patients after tooth extraction and gingival epithelial separation of about 4mm3, were observed by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy apoptotic cells in the periodontal tissues, immunohistochemical staining in patients with chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy periodontal tissue distribution of GRP78 and CHOP and content.Results:1. Organization pathology sliceSeen under light microscopy in patients with chronic periodontitis periodontal tissues around epithelial spikes inflammatory cell infiltration of lymphocytes, monocytes and plasma cells more common basal cell disorders, epithelial erosion occurred, a significant thickening of the surface, arcuate spikes were matched spine and the basal cell layer shows a small number of cells in the cytoplasm shrinkage, nuclear condensation stain, nuclear membrane disappears, some nuclear fragmentation, showing apoptotic status, disordered arrangement of collagen fibers. Part of the fiber fracture, lamina propria edema, degeneration, some vascular proliferation, expansion, congestion. Normal gingival epithelium jagged spikes, fewer inflammatory cells, epithelial layer clear, neat continuous basal cell lamina of collagen fibers arranged in neat, very little congestion, hemorrhage and edema.2. Ultrastructure of apoptotic cellsElectron microscopy of plasma cells in chronic periodontitis degeneration, cell chromatin condensation, forming a dense hemispherical or crescent shape of the cap structure, attached to the membrane edge of the nuclear membrane and rough endoplasmic reticulum are different degree of change, from the normal form tends to nuclear condensation, fragmentation, cell surface microvilli and other structures, such as reduced or even disappear. The ER lumen from the narrow to the expansion until the vesicles were oriented. Romer body appears, showing the state of apoptosis3. Immunohistochemical stainingGRP78 expression in normal periodontal tissue less, only in the epithelial surface have positive,; GRP78 epithelium in chronic periodontitis tissues and lamina propria of all layers were significantly expressed, and expressed mainly in the cytoplasm around the nucleus close to in. CHOP in normal periodontal tissue almost no expression,; CHOP expression in chronic periodontitis was mainly expressed in the epithelial layer and lamina propria. GRP78 and CHOP expression in chronic periodontitis group were significantly more than the expression in the normal group (P <0.05).Conclusion:Gingival tissues of patients with chronic periodontitis gingival tissues than in normal apoptosis significantly, endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis related protein GRP78 and CHOP expression in chronic periodontitis group were significantly higher than in the normal group expression, indicating endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathophysiology of chronic periodontitis.