Experimental Study On Using Heterogeneous Biotypes Ligament Transplantation For Repairing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency In Goats

ObjectiveTo study the feasibility of biological xenogeneic ligament graft inst ead of allogeneic ligament graft reconstruction goat anterior cruciate li gament injuryMethodsAdult goats 24, were randomly divided into 3 groups, using tendon xenograft (pig) as the experimental group(A group and B group), A group is biological ligament xenograft combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,, using allogeneic ligament as the control group(C group), all 8. After each group was randomly divided into 2months,4months,6months,12months four observation-phase group, n= 2.Goats are used as a defect of the left hind limb anterior cruciate ligament repair model. After four time points animals were sacrificed, autopsies were performed on regional, adhesion levels naked eye, image analysis, the level of detection of immunity to observe pathological changes in histology and biomechanical testing for.Results1. Gross observation:Three groups were in good knee stability, three groups of healing ligaments were no significant differences and were not significant inflammatory response, intra-articular no adhesion, no menisc us and articular cartilage injury; A group have the better healing than B group and C group, ligament ruddy color, pannus establish early, revascu larization high degree of new connective tissue and the distribution of a wide range of multi-form a complete synovial membrane surrounding the li gament, B and C without the naked eye Significant difference.2. Biomechanical testing:Three groups of ligaments early after transp lantation (after 2 months,4 months) the maximum load was no significant difference (P> 0.05); 6 months postoperatively, A group and B group were less than maximum load C, but the difference was not statistically Signif icance (P> 0.05), while the A group and B group showed no significant dif ference (P> 0.05), three sets of tensile strength tendon ligament in Apri 1 with the same group were decreased compared to when. After 12 months, t hree groups of ligaments ligament tensile strength and the same group wer e higher than at 6 months, maximum load among the groups was no significa nt difference (P> 0.05). The experimental group at each time point of max imum load and the control group, no significant difference in tensile str ength, suggesting that biological xenogeneic ligament biomechanical prope rties after transplantation can achieve the level of ligament allograft. The maximum load in the ligament in each group at 6 months had a signific antly lower process, with time after recovery, the hardness of each group ligament increased with time, but did not reach the maximum load and ten sile strength level of the normal anterior cruciate ligament3. Histology test:A group of ligament fibroblasts to the main, especia lly within 6 months after surgery was significantly hyperplasia, collagen fiber content, disordered micro-circulation of the ligament than the B, C groups were earlier and a good degree of revascularization, little Numb er and distribution of vascular significantly larger than B, the Ministry of bone tendon healing well after surgery in 4 months, near the articul ar surface of the ligament bone tunnel portion of material surrounding lo ose fibrous connective tissue, and some are closely arranged collagen fib ers Sharpey fibers.12 months after, the bone near the articular surface of the ligament within the tunnel can be seen around the ligament of fibe r-fiber cartilage-calcified cartilage-bone of the direct connection mode, see tide line, a continuous tide line, the majority of an inflamma tory response, part 2 Level. After each time point B, C group ligament fi broblasts are the main collagen fiber content less than the rules of orde r, the bone tendon junction healing can be, B group than in the C group h eal slowly, and after 12 months, nearly Articular ligament xenograft bone tunnel portion of fiber loose connective tissue surrounding and Sharp fi ber, less visible part of the ligament-fibrocartilage-calcified carti lage-bone of the direct connection mode, as a majority of inflammatory response, part two; C group after 6 months, close to the articular surfa ce of the allograft ligament bone tunnel portion of material surrounding loose fibrous connective tissue, and some are closely arranged collagen f ibers Sharp.12 months after the tunnel near the articular surface of bon e material inside the artificial ligament fibers visible around the ligam ent-fibrocartilage-calcified cartilage-bone of the direct connectio n mode, see tide line, the tide line is not continuous, the majority of a n inflammatory response, part 2 Level.4. Amynology test:Goats in each group at different time points before and after IL-2 levels in serum measured values changed little between the groups and no significant difference between the normal value (P> 0.05), the serum IL-6 determination in the The results of the initial rise, the latter dropped to the normal range, at all time points in each group sho wed no significant difference (P> 0.05); somatic cell lymphatic drug expe riments on the transplantation of complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity initially high, but Each group and the group with no significant differe nce between the normal value (P> 0.05), late effects decreased, the propo rtion of colored cells were not≥20%, can be judged to be negative, tha t is, groups were not significant immune rejectionConclusion1.Goat xenogeneic ligament biological body after implantation, no rej ection, with good biocompatibility, as a function of the stent implanted ligament anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, knee in animals induc ed by the environment, so that new tissue from the body Ingrowth and sten t replacement, the formation of new ligament from the body, the Ministry of bone tendon healing well and stabilize the knee joint to prevent joint damage was secondary;2. Heterogeneous biological ligament and anterior cruciate ligament al lograft ACL reconstruction from the histological, immune response, the re sults of biomechanical no significant difference, but can not reach the 1 evel of the normal anterior cruciate ligament;3. Heterogeneous ligament have a dissolved and absorption process afte r transplanted, the host tissue can grow into the self and the establishme nt of micro-circulation, combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can accelerate the establishment of micro-circulation and promote the gr owth of ligaments, especially the role of the ligament revascularization significantly.